This study aimed to assess the impact of individual as well as combined application of and in phytoremediation potential of grown in soil contaminated by industrial effluents. In response to five metals; copper, chromium, nickel, lead, and cadmium, results revealed that germination percentage, fresh and dry weights, and photosynthetic pigments of decreased under contaminated soil. On the other hand, electrolyte leakage due to cellular injury, metabolites (proline and glycine betaine), antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase), accumulation of hydrogen peroxide and metals in plant's roots, shoots and leaves increased. Inoculation significantly reduced these effects as proved by the enhancement of germination percentage, fresh and dry biomass, and photosynthetic pigments. Simultaneously, the antioxidant enzymes, metabolites contents (proline and glycine betaine) and metal concentrations in plant's roots, shoots and leaves decreased. Combined application of both strains was found more effective as compared to individual inoculation. It was concluded that metal resistant species in combination had growth effects on and enhanced its phytoremediation efficiency in contaminated soil.; a hyper-accumulator of metals, loses phytoremediation potential with the passage of growth. Two species ( and ) having known bioremediation abilities were employed individually as well as in combination under metals contaminated soil to increase phytoremediation efficiency of . The metals containing soil used is a unique aspect in this study because selected soil, contaminated by industrial effluents, has not been evaluated or reported earlier. Combined application of improved phytoremediation potential of more as compared to application of individual strain which is yet another unique aspect of this investigation.
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