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Genetically variant human pluripotent stem cells selectively eliminate wild-type counterparts through YAP-mediated cell competition. | LitMetric

Genetically variant human pluripotent stem cells selectively eliminate wild-type counterparts through YAP-mediated cell competition.

Dev Cell

Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK; Neuroscience Institute, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK. Electronic address:

Published: September 2021

AI Article Synopsis

Article Abstract

The appearance of genetic changes in human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) presents a concern for their use in research and regenerative medicine. Variant hPSCs that harbor recurrent culture-acquired aneuploidies display growth advantages over wild-type diploid cells, but the mechanisms that yield a drift from predominantly wild-type to variant cell populations remain poorly understood. Here, we show that the dominance of variant clones in mosaic cultures is enhanced through competitive interactions that result in the elimination of wild-type cells. This elimination occurs through corralling and mechanical compression by faster-growing variants, causing a redistribution of F-actin and sequestration of yes-associated protein (YAP) in the cytoplasm that induces apoptosis in wild-type cells. YAP overexpression or promotion of YAP nuclear localization in wild-type cells alleviates their "loser" phenotype. Our results demonstrate that hPSC fate is coupled to mechanical cues imposed by neighboring cells and reveal that hijacking this mechanism allows variants to achieve clonal dominance in cultures.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8443275PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2021.07.019DOI Listing

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