Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus increases the risk of cardiovascular disease including myocardial infarction (MI). Inflammation and apoptosis have been implicated in the pathophysiology of MI. In the present study, the effects of astragaloside IV (AS-IV) on MI in diabetic mice were evaluated.
Methods: High glucose/high fat (HG/HF) and hypoxia culture condition were established to mimic diabetic condition. After administration of AS-IV to H9c2 myocytes, the cell apoptosis, viability, and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways were detected. MI was induced in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. After administration of AS-IV to mice, cardiac function, cardiac fibrosis, inflammation, and activation of MAPK signaling pathway were detected.
Results: Astragaloside IV treatment significantly inhibited HG/HF and hypoxia-induced apoptosis of H9c2. AS-IV inhibited activation of JNK and p38 signaling pathway while promoting the activation of EKR signaling pathway. AS-IV treatment rescued cardiac function, suppressed cardiac fibrosis and inflammation, and differently regulated the activation of MAPK signaling pathways.
Conclusion: Astragaloside IV prevented apoptosis and restored cardiac function in MI, which may be due to the regulation of MAPK signaling pathway in diabetes.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.671255 | DOI Listing |
Circ Genom Precis Med
January 2025
CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases (A.I., S.Z., J.W., B.B., H.J.G.M.C., B.H., M.K., S.V., U.S., M.S.), Maastricht University, the Netherlands.
Background: Transcriptional dysregulation, possibly affected by genetic variation, contributes to disease development. Due to dissimilarities in development, function, and remodeling during disease progression, transcriptional differences between the left atrial (LA) and right atrial (RA) may provide insight into diseases such as atrial fibrillation.
Methods: Lateral differences in atrial transcription were evaluated in CATCH ME (Characterizing Atrial fibrillation by Translating its Causes into Health Modifiers in the Elderly) using a 2-stage discovery and replication design.
Circ Heart Fail
January 2025
Aswan Heart Center, Magdi Yacoub Heart Foundation, Egypt (A.M.I., M.R., A. Elsawy, M.H., S.H., W.E., A. Elaithy, A. Elguindy, A. Afifi, Y.A., M.Y.).
Background: Changes in the phenotype and genotype in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) are thought to involve the myocardium as well as extracardiac tissues. Here, we describe the structural and functional changes in the ascending aorta of obstructive patients with HCM.
Methods: Changes in the aortic wall were studied in a cohort of 101 consecutive patients with HCM undergoing myectomy and 9 normal controls.
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Guerin Children's, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA.(P.K.J., M.A., M.N.R.).
The intestinal microbiota influences many host biological processes, including metabolism, intestinal barrier functions, and immune responses in the gut and distant organs. Alterations in its composition have been associated with the development of inflammatory disorders and cardiovascular diseases, including Kawasaki disease (KD). KD is an acute pediatric vasculitis of unknown etiology and the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children in the United States.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol
January 2025
Metabolic and Immune Diseases Department, Biomedical Research Institute Sols-Morreale (IIBM), National Research Council (CSIC), Autonoma University of Madrid, Spain (T.A.-G., S.M.-T., R.C.-M., S.U.-B., S.M.-P.).
Background: Hypoxia is associated with the onset of cardiovascular diseases including cardiac hypertrophy and pulmonary hypertension. HIF2 (hypoxia-inducible factor 2) signaling in the endothelium mediates pulmonary arterial remodeling and subsequent elevation of the right ventricular systolic pressure during chronic hypoxia. Thus, novel therapeutic opportunities for pulmonary hypertension based on specific HIF2 inhibitors have been proposed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Heart J Digit Health
January 2025
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, SE-182 88 Stockholm, Sweden.
Aims: A simplified version of the history, electrocardiogram, age, risk factors, troponin (HEART) score, excluding troponin, has been proposed to rule-out major adverse cardiac events (MACEs). Computerized history taking (CHT) provides a systematic and automated method to obtain information necessary to calculate the HEAR score. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and diagnostic accuracy of CHT in calculating the HEAR score for predicting MACE.
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