AI Article Synopsis
- The study evaluated the effects of transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVr) combined with guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) on patients with heart failure and severe mitral regurgitation, focusing on outcomes based on sex.
- Among the 614 participants, women were generally younger and had fewer health issues but reported a lower quality of life and functional capacity at the start of the study.
- Results showed that while TMVr led to better clinical outcomes for both sexes, men experienced a greater reduction in hospitalizations due to heart failure compared to women when treated with TMVr.
Article Abstract
Objectives: This study sought to assess the sex-specific outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF) with 3+ and 4+ secondary mitral regurgitation (SMR) treated with transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVr) plus guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) versus GDMT alone in the COAPT trial.
Background: The impact of sex in patients with HF and severe SMR treated with TMVr with the MitraClip compared with GDMT alone is unknown.
Methods: Patients were randomized 1:1 to TMVr versus GDMT alone. Two-year outcomes were examined according to sex.
Results: Among 614 patients, 221 (36.0%) were women. Women were younger than men and had fewer comorbidities, but reduced quality of life and functional capacity at baseline. In a joint frailty model accounting for the competing risk of death, the 2-year cumulative incidence of the primary endpoint of all HF hospitalizations (HFH) was higher in men compared with women treated with GDMT alone. However, the relative reduction in HFHs with TMVr was greater in men (HR: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.34-0.54) than women (HR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.57-1.05) (P = 0.002). A significant interaction between TMVr versus GDMT alone treatment and time was present for all HFHs in women (HR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.39-0.84, and HR: 1.39; 95% CI: 0.83-2.33 between 0-1 year and 1-2 years after randomization, respectively, P = 0.007) but not in men (HR: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.36-0.64, and HR: 0.33; 95% CI: 0.21-0.51; P = 0.16). Female sex was independently associated with a lower adjusted risk of death at 2 years (HR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.46-0.90; P = 0.011). TMVr consistently reduced 2-year mortality compared with GDMT alone, irrespective of sex (P = 0.99).
Conclusions: In the COAPT trial, TMVr with the MitraClip resulted in improved clinical outcomes compared with GDMT alone, irrespective of sex. However, the impact of TMVr in reducing HFH was less pronounced in women compared with men beyond the first year after treatment. (Cardiovascular Outcomes Assessment of the MitraClip Percutaneous Therapy for Heart Failure Patients With Functional Mitral Regurgitation [The COAPT Tria] [COAPT]; NCT01626079).
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jchf.2021.04.011 | DOI Listing |
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