Natural products have widely been used in applications ranging from antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and various other medicinal applications. The use of these natural products was recognized way before the establishment of basic chemistry behind the disease and the chemistry of plant metabo-lites. After the establishment of plant chemistry, various new horizons evolved, and the application of natural products breached the orthodox limitations. In one such interdisciplinary area, the use of plant materials in the synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) has exponentially emerged. This advancement has offered various environment-friendly methods where hazardous chemicals are completely replaced by natural products in the sophisticated and hectic synthesis processes. This review is an attempt to under-stand the mechanism of metal nanoparticles synthesis using plant materials. It includes details on the role of the plant's secondary metabolites in the synthesis of nanoparticles including the mechanism of action. In addition, the use of these nanomaterials has widely been discussed along with the possible mechanism behind their antimicrobial and catalytic action.
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