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Exploring when to exploit: the cognitive underpinnings of foraging-type decisions in relation to psychopathy.
Transl Psychiatry
January 2025
Radboud University, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Thomas van Aquinostraat 4, 6525 GD, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Impairments in reinforcement learning (RL) might underlie the tendency of individuals with elevated psychopathic traits to behave exploitatively, as they fail to learn from their mistakes. Most studies on the topic have focused on binary choices, while everyday functioning requires us to learn the value of multiple options. In this study, we evaluated the cognitive correlates of naturalistic foraging-type decision-making and their electrophysiological signatures in a community sample (n = 108) with varying degrees of psychopathic traits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain-Computer Interface and Electrochemical Sensor Based on Boron-Nitrogen Co-Doped Graphene-Diamond Microelectrode for EEG and Dopamine Detection.
ACS Sens
January 2025
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, PR China.
The simultaneous detection of electroencephalography (EEG) signals and neurotransmitter levels plays an important role as biomarkers for the assessment and monitoring of emotions and cognition. This paper describes the development of boron and nitrogen codoped graphene-diamond (BNGrD) microelectrodes with a diameter of only 200 μm for sensing EEG signals and dopamine (DA) levels, which have been developed for the first time. The optimized BNGrD microelectrode responded sensitively to both EEG and DA signals, with a signal-to-noise ratio of 9 dB for spontaneous EEG signals and a limit of detection as low as 124 nM for DA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMonitoring of inflammatory preterm responses via myometrial cell based multimodal electrophysiological and optical biosensing platform.
Biosens Bioelectron
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; General Surgery Department, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children's Health, Hangzhou, 310052, China. Electronic address:
Preterm birth (PTB) remains a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality, with inflammation-induced PTB posing a significant challenge due to its complex pathophysiology. To address this, we developed an in vitro platform utilizing hTERT-immortalized human myometrial (hTERT-HM) cells integrated with a multielectrode array (MEA) biosensing system and optical calcium imaging. Compared to primary uterine myometrial cells, hTERT-HM cells exhibit superior reproducibility, high scalability, and convenient manipulation, facilitating the consistent and large-scale investigations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAltercentric bias in preverbal infants' encoding of object kind.
Cognition
January 2025
University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Human infants may exhibit an altercentric bias, where the perspective of others biases their own cognition. This bias may serve a crucial learning function in early ontogeny. This work tested the two main predictions of an altercentric bias in 14-month-old infants: (i) conceptual information should also be encoded altercentrically, and (ii) the other's perspective may completely override infants' own processing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain microenvironment-remodeling nanomedicine improves cerebral glucose metabolism, mitochondrial activity and synaptic function in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
Biomaterials
January 2025
144 College St, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3M2, Canada. Electronic address:
The development of disease-modifying therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease remains challenging due to the complex pathology and the presence of the blood-brain barrier. Previously we have described the investigation of a brain-penetrating multifunctional bioreactive nanoparticle system capable of remodeling the hypoxic and inflammatory brain microenvironment and reducing beta-amyloid plaques improving cognitive function in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Despite the linkage of hypoxia and inflammation to metabolic alteration, the effects of this system on modulating cerebral glucose metabolism, mitochondrial activity and synaptic function remained to be elucidated.
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