Recently, because of the rising population, carbon overloading, and environmental distress, human beings have needed to increase awareness and responsibility for the reduction of agricultural waste. The utilization of agricultural waste as a filler material in reinforced polymers is a fascinating discovery. This review paper attempts to study the physical, mechanical, and thermal behavior of rice husk (RH) as a fiber for reinforcing various synthetic polymers, based on recent studies, conducted between 2017 and 2021. It also highlights that advanced modification techniques could further improve the performance of composites by tailoring the physical and chemical substances of the fiber or matrix. The thermal properties, including flame-retardance and thermal behavior, are also discussed. The characteristics of the fiber-matrix interaction between RH and the polymer matrix provide essential insights into the future-ready applications of this agricultural waste fiber. The way forward in researching RH polymer composites is finally reviewed.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8348651 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13152391 | DOI Listing |
Plants (Basel)
January 2025
College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China.
Melatonin (MT) is a crucial hormone that controls and positively regulates plant growth under abiotic stress, but the biochemical and physiological processes of the combination of melatonin seed initiation and exogenous spray treatments and their effects on maize germination and seedling salt tolerance are not well understood. Consequently, in this research, we utilized the maize cultivars Zhengdan 958 (ZD958) and Demeiya 1 (DMY1), which are extensively marketed in northeastern China's high-latitude cold regions, to reveal the modulating effects of melatonin on maize salinity tolerance by determining the impacts of varying concentrations of melatonin on maize seedling growth characteristics, osmoregulation, antioxidant systems, and gene expression. The findings revealed that salt stress (100 mM NaCl) significantly inhibited maize seed germination and seedling development, which resulted in significant increases in the HO and O content and decreases in the antioxidant enzyme activity and photosynthetic pigment content in maize seedlings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlants (Basel)
January 2025
Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan.
This study explores the effects of a subcritical seawater treatment (SST) on buckwheat waste (BW), and the use of the hydrolysate as a liquid fertilizer to improve the growth of lettuce ( L.). Three temperature treatments (110 °C, 170 °C, 230 °C) were used for the SST, and the ionic composition in the seawater achieved the depolymerization and degradation of BW.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolymers (Basel)
January 2025
Faculty of Textile Technology, University of Zagreb, Prilaz baruna Filipovića 28 a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
This research follows the principles of circular economy through the zero waste concept and cascade approach performed in two steps. Our paper focuses on the first step and explores the characteristics of developed biocomposite materials made from a biodegradable poly(lactic acid) polymer (PLA) reinforced with natural fibers isolated from the second generation of biomass (agricultural biomass and weeds). Two plants, L.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolymers (Basel)
January 2025
Biomass and Oil Palm Research Center of Excellence, Walailak University, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand.
In this comprehensive investigation, the sustainable production and utilization of gas separation membranes derived from coconut water (CW) waste was investigated. The research focuses on the synthesis of bacterial cellulose (BC) and cellulose acetate (CA) membranes from CW, followed by a thorough analysis of their characteristics, including morphology, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, tensile strength, and chemical composition. The study rigorously evaluates membrane performance, with particular emphasis on CO/CH selectivity under various operational conditions, including pressure, membrane thickness, and number of stages.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmaceuticals (Basel)
January 2025
College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Background: Abel () is widely cultivated and serves as an important source of edible oil. Yet, during oil production, pruned branches generate significant waste and contribute to environmental pollution.
Objectives: In this work, we obtain a natural polysaccharide from the branches of and optimize its extraction using Box-Behnken design (BBD), which is a statistical method commonly used in response surface methodology.
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