Plants (Basel)
Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Agriculture, Instituto al. 1, Akademija, LT-58344 Kėdainiai, Lithuania.
Published: July 2021
Reducing tillage intensity and increasing crop diversity by including perennial legumes is an agrotechnical practice that strongly affects the soil environment. Strip tillage may be beneficial in the forage legume-cereals intercropping system due to more efficient utilization of biological nitrogen. Field experiments were conducted on a clay loam Cambisol to determine the effect of forage legume-winter wheat strip tillage intercropping on soil nitrate nitrogen (N-NO) content and cereal productivity in various sequences of rotation in organic production systems. Forage legumes ( L., L., L.) grown in pure and forage legume-winter wheat ( L.) strip tillage intercrops were studied. Conventional deep inversion tillage was compared to strip tillage. Nitrogen supply to winter wheat was assessed by the change in soil nitrate nitrogen content (N-NO) and total N accumulation in yield (grain and straw). Conventional tillage was found to significantly increase N-NO content while cultivating winter wheat after forage legumes in late autumn (0-30 cm layer), after growth resumption in spring (30-60 cm), and in autumn after harvesting (30-60 cm). Soil N-NO content did not differ significantly between winter wheat strip sown in perennial legumes or oat stubble. Winter wheat grain yields increased with increasing N-NO content in soil. The grain yield was not significantly different when comparing winter wheat-forage legume strip intercropping (without mulching) to strip sowing in oat stubble. In forage legume-winter wheat strip intercropping, N release from legumes was weak and did not meet wheat nitrogen requirements.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8309369 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10071453 | DOI Listing |
J Nat Resour Agric Ecosyst
January 2024
Office of Research and Development, USA Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
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Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR ECOSYS, 91120, Palaiseau, France.
The intensification of agriculture has promoted the simplification and specialization of agroecosystems, resulting in negative impacts such as decreasing landscape heterogeneity and increasing use of plant protection products (PPP), with the acceleration of PPP transfers to environmental compartments and loss in biodiversity. In this context, the present work reviews the various levers for action promoting the prevention and management of these transfers in the environment and the available modelling tools. Two main categories of levers were identified: (1) better control of the application, including the reduction of doses and of PPP dispersion during application thanks to appropriate equipment and settings, PPP formulations and consideration of meteorological conditions; (2) reduction of post-application transfers at plot scales (soil cover, low tillage, organic matter management, remediation etc.
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