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Prenatal exposure to phthalates and phthalate replacements in relation to chorionic plate surface vasculature at delivery.
Sci Total Environ
December 2024
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Pregnant people are ubiquitously exposed to endocrine-disrupting phthalates through consumer products and food. The placenta may be particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of phthalates, with evidence from animal models suggesting impacts on placental development and vascularization. We translate this research to humans, examining gestational exposure to phthalates and phthalate replacements in relation to novel markers of chorionic plate surface vascularization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCXCR2 immunomodulatory therapy protects against microstructural white matter injury and gait abnormalities but does not mitigate deficits of cognition in a preclinical model of cerebral palsy.
J Neurochem
January 2025
Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Minimizing central nervous system (CNS) injury from preterm birth depends upon understanding the critical pathways that underlie essential neurodevelopmental and CNS pathophysiology. Signaling by chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) through its cognate receptor, CXCR2 [(C-X-C motif) receptor 2] is essential for neurodevelopment. Increased CXCR2 signaling, however, is implicated in a variety of uterine and neuropathologies, and their role in the CNS injury associated with perinatal brain injury is poorly defined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMelatonin Attenuates PFOS-Induced Reproductive Toxicity of Pregnant Mice due to Placental Damage Via Antioxidant, Anti-Aging and Anti-Inflammatory Pathways.
Birth Defects Res
December 2024
Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
Background: Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), an industrially synthesized persistent organic pollutant (POP), is intricately intertwined with human production and daily life. It has been discovered that PFOS is related to an elevated incidence of birth defects in fetuses. In contrast, melatonin (MLT), a hormone secreted by the pineal gland, has been demonstrated to exert a protective effect on reproductive development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFrom placenta to the foetus: a systematic review of in vitro models of stress- and inflammation-induced depression in pregnancy.
Mol Psychiatry
December 2024
Department of Psychological Medicine, Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Laboratory, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK.
Background: Depression in pregnancy can increase vulnerability for psychiatric disorders in the offspring, likely via the transfer of heightened maternal cortisol and cytokines to the in-utero environment. However, the precise cellular and molecular mechanisms, are largely unclear. Animal studies can represent this complex pathophysiology at a systemic level but are expensive and ethically challenging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA transcriptomic comparison of in vitro models of the human placenta.
Placenta
November 2024
Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
Introduction: Selecting an in vitro culture model of the human placenta is challenging due to representation of different trophoblast cell types with distinct biological roles and limited comparative studies that define key characteristics of these models. The aim of this research was to compare the transcriptomes of common in vitro models of the human placenta compared to bulk human placental tissue.
Methods: We performed differential gene expression analysis on publicly available transcriptomic data from 7 in vitro models of the human placenta (HTR-8/SVneo, BeWo, JEG-3, JAR, Primary Trophoblasts, Villous Explants, and Trophoblast Stem Cells) and compared to bulk placental tissue from 2 cohort studies (CANDLE and GAPPS) or individual trophoblast cell types derived from bulk placental tissue.
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