From the variety of methods known for the depolymerization of organosolv lignin, a broad range of diversely substituted aromatic compounds are available today. In the present work, a novel two-step reaction sequence is reported, which is focused on the formation of phenols. While the first step of the depolymerization strategy comprises the 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ)-catalyzed oxidation of organosolv lignin with nitrogen monoxide so that two waste materials are combined, cleavage to the phenolic target compounds is achieved in the second step employing hydrazine and potassium hydroxide under Wolff-Kishner-type conditions. Besides the fact that the novel strategy proceeds via an untypical form of oxidized organosolv lignin, the two-step sequence is further able to provide phenols as cleavage products, which bear no substituent at the 4-position.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c00996 | DOI Listing |
Polymers (Basel)
December 2024
Laboratory of Polymer and Colors Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
The present work focuses on the synthesis and characterization of biobased lignin-poly(lactic) acid (PLA) composites. Organosolv lignin, extracted from beechwood, was used as a filler at 0.5, 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioresour Technol
December 2024
CIRTECH Institute, HUTECH University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. Electronic address:
The state-of-the-art, simple and scalable methods for lignin micro-/nano-particles recovery from agricultural biomasses were evaluated in this review. Being non-wood biomasses, these materials can be easily fibrillated, supporting the usage of mild soda or organic solvent pretreatment. Different approaches in particle recovery were compared to conclude that the bottom-up approach facilitates smaller particles towards the nano-size range whereas mechanical treatment can act as a supporting method to increase uniformity and reduce particle sizes after bottom-up precipitation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGels
December 2024
Institute for Thermal Separation Processes, Hamburg University of Technology, 21073 Hamburg, Germany.
This study explores the innovative potential of native lignin as a sustainable biopolyol for synthesizing polyurethane aerogels with variable microstructures, significant specific surface areas, and high mechanical stability. Three types of lignin-Organosolv, Aquasolv, and Soda lignin-were evaluated based on structural characteristics, Klason lignin content, and particle size, with Organosolv lignin being identified as the optimal candidate. The microstructure of lignin polyurethane samples was adjustable by solvent choice: Gelation in DMSO and pyridine, with high affinity to lignin, resulted in dense materials with low specific surface areas, while the use of the low-affinity solvent e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
December 2024
Materials Technology Research Group (MaTReC), School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Malaysia. Electronic address:
The development of eco-friendly wood adhesives have gained more interest among adhesives industries due to the concerns about using carcinogenic formaldehyde and petroleum-based phenol in commercially available adhesives. Therefore, many studies have been done by using lignin to partially replace phenol and completely substitute formaldehyde with non-toxic glyoxal in a wood adhesive formulation. This study focused on using different percentages of lignin substitution (10 %, 30 % and 50 wt%) of alkaline and organosolv coconut husk lignin into soda lignin-phenol-glyoxal (SLPG), Kraft lignin-phenol-glyoxal (KLPG) and organosolv lignin-phenol-glyoxal (OLPG) adhesives.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
December 2024
Core Facility Center "Arktika" Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Northern Dvina Emb., 17, Arkhangelsk 163002, Russia. Electronic address:
The widespread development of lignin valorization is hindered by a number of challenges. In particular, efficient valorization necessitates comprehensive characterization of initial lignins. In this work, the structural features of lignins from birch wood (Bétula péndula), obtained by various methods of hard and mild fractionation of biomass: hydrolysis (Hyd-L), kraft (Kraft-L), soda (Soda-L), and soda-ethanol (SodaEt-L) processes, as well as organosolv processes with dioxane (MWL, DL) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO-L) have been comprehensively studied.
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