Anti-inflammatory activity of crude and detoxified leaves of Daphne oleoides Schreb. on carrageenan-induced paw edema in wistar rats.

Background: Mazaryun (Daphne oleoides Schreb.) is used as an anti-inflammatory drug in Unani medicine after detoxification, as it is defined under fourth-degree drugs.

Objective(s): To evaluate and compare the anti-inflammatory activity of crude and detoxified Mazaryun in maximum and minimum doses.

Materials And Methods: Anti-inflammatory activity was carried out by carrageenan-induced paw edema test. Wistar rats of either sex, weighing 150-200 gm, were divided into seven groups (I, II, IIIA, IIIB, IVA, IVB, and V) of six animals in each. Group I - plain control, administered with 1 ml of 1% CarboxyMethyl Cellulose (CMC); Group II - standard control, given Diclofenac Sodium (6 mg/kg); Group III - crude Mazaryun and Group IV - detoxified Mazaryun, A and B are maximum and minimum doses of test drug, respectively; and V group - positive control was not treated with any other drugs. The data was statistically analyzed by ANOVA repeated for inter-group analysis and ANOVA one-way for intra-group analysis with post hoc Tukey Kramer multiple comparison test. The GC-MS analysis of crude and detoxified leaves of Mazaryun was also carried out in continuation of study to determine the phytochemical changes before and after detoxification.

Results: Maximum dose of detoxified Mazaryun and standard control groups showed significant anti-inflammatory activity at p < 0.001, and detoxified Mazaryun showed dose-dependent activity. The GC-MS fingerprints showed totally eight different chemical constituents in its crude and detoxified form.

Conclusion: The study standardised the concept of detoxication in Unani medicine, as the detoxified Mazaryun showed significant anti-inflammatory activity and present of totally different chemicals constituents.