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Spatial attention effects of disgusted and fearful faces.

PLoS One

October 2015

Institute of Affective and Social Neuroscience, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.

Effective processing of threat-related stimuli is of significant evolutionary advantage. Given the intricate relationship between attention and the neural processing of threat-related emotions, this study manipulated attention allocation and emotional categories of threat-related stimuli as independent factors and investigated the time course of spatial-attention-modulated processing of disgusting and fearful stimuli. The participants were instructed to direct their attention either to the two vertical or to the two horizontal locations, where two faces and two houses would be presented.

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Evoked potentials in infantile spasms.

Brain Dev

March 1988

Department of Neuropediatrics, Universitäts-Kinderklinik, Erlangen, West Germany.

In infants and toddlers (N = 8) with infantile spasms, visual and somatosensory evoked potentials (VEP, SEP) were recorded during the course of the illness. During hypsarrhythmia the pattern evoked potential was missing (7/8) or grossly abnormal (1/8), indicating functional amaurosis. Flash evoked responses were normal in 50% even during the EEG-status, showing the superiority of pattern versus flash evoked potentials for visual functions in infancy.

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Recent technical and conceptual advances have made it possible to experiment with models of local human inner retinal disease and changes in very small, tissue-specific signals. Local retrograde degeneration of the ganglion cells was induced in four rhesus monkeys by 160 degrees microdiathermy fiber layer burns at the nasal or temporal edges of the optic disc. There were no abnormalities of the classical electroretinograms (ERGs) during the following 210 days.

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Agnisara is a Hathayogic exercise consisting essentially in alternate, forceful retractions and protrusions of the abdominal wall, performed along a 20-30 s period of apnoea. In the course of series of Agnisars spindle bursts of a "wicket" EEG wave pattern developed over the para-Rolandic areas of the cerebral cortex, at frequencies around 12-13 Hz, with waxing and waning amplitudes in the range of 50 to 100 microV. These spindle-bursts, which occurred preferably during the phase of retraction of the abdominal wall, were named "Xi" rhythm (after the Greek letter X).

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