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Demographic and clinical predictors of response and remission in the treatment of major depressive disorder with ketamine and esketamine: A systematic review.
Psychiatry Res
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Accumulating evidence supports the efficacy of (es)ketamine in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), particularly treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Yet around 50% of the individuals with TRD do not respond to (es)ketamine. Elucidating predictors of response and remission could improve treatment outcomes at the individual level by defining subpopulations that are most likely to benefit from (es)ketamine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeighborhood environment associations with cognitive function and structural brain measures in older African Americans.
BMC Med
January 2025
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Background: Since older adults spend significant time in their neighborhood environment, environmental factors such as neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage, high racial segregation, low healthy food availability, low access to recreation, and minimal social engagement may have adverse effects on cognitive function and increase susceptibility to dementia. DNA methylation, which is associated with neighborhood characteristics as well as cognitive function and white matter hyperintensity (WMH), may act as a mediator between neighborhood characteristics and neurocognitive outcomes.
Methods: In this study, we examined whether DNA methylation in peripheral blood leukocytes mediates the relationship between neighborhood characteristics and cognitive function (N = 542) or WMH (N = 466) in older African American (AA) participants without preliminary evidence of dementia from the Genetic Epidemiology Network of Arteriopathy (GENOA).
Subcortical brain iron and its link to verbal memory in children with developmental language disorder.
Brain Lang
January 2025
Center for Childhood Deafness, Language, and Learning, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE.
Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) is a common neurodevelopmental condition characterized by significant difficulty with language learning, comprehension, and expression. The neurocognitive bases of DLD are underspecified but are thought to be related, in part, to altered basal ganglia (BG). The BG are known to have a high level of brain iron, which contributes to myelination and dopaminergic pathways among other physiological mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObsessive-compulsive personality disorder increases cognitive inflexibility in people with coronary artery disease.
Compr Psychiatry
February 2025
Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas-Palanga, Lithuania.
Background: Cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery disease (CAD) have a high prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities, that may impact clinically relevant outcomes (e.g., cognitive impairment and executive dysfunction).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEducation Research: The Neurohumanities in Training: Integrating a Humanities Curriculum Within Neurology Residency Programs.
Neurol Educ
December 2024
From the Department of Neurology (M.R., C.P.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Department of Neurology (T.G.), Boston Medical Center, MA; Department of Neurology (G.S.P.), University of California San Francisco; Department of Neurology (R.V.A.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora; Department of Neurology (A.F., M.G.), The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas; Department of Neurology (R.A.C.), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester; Mass General Brigham Neurology Residency Program (G.G.), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; and Neurocognitive Division (M.P.H.S.), Tufts Medical Center, Boston.
Background And Objectives: Perhaps stemming from the central role of detailed examinations and a focus on the subjective sphere that grounds their clinical practice, neurologists have frequently opined on experiences traditionally a province of humanities. The increasingly technological focus on medical education and care can be seen to devalue the subjective aspects of medicine. As a counter to this, we report on the existence of neurohumanities curricula within neurology residency training.
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