The central nervous system was classically perceived as anatomically and functionally independent from the other visceral organs. But in recent decades, compelling evidence has led the scientific community to place a greater emphasis on the role of gut microbes on the brain. Pathological observations and early gastrointestinal symptoms highlighted that gut dysbiosis likely precedes the onset of cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. The delicate balance in the number and functions of pathogenic microbes and alternative probiotic populations is critical in the modulation of systemic inflammation and neuronal health. However, there is limited success in restoring healthy microbial biodiversity in AD and PD patients with general probiotics interventions and fecal microbial therapies. Fortunately, the gut microflora is susceptible to long-term extrinsic influences such as lifestyle and dietary choices, providing opportunities for treatment through comparatively individual-specific control of human behavior. In this review, we examine the impact of restrictive diets on the gut microbiome populations associated with AD and PD. The overall evidence presented supports that gut dysbiosis is a plausible prelude to disease onset, and early dietary interventions are likely beneficial for the prevention and treatment of progressive neurodegenerative diseases.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11070698 | DOI Listing |
Ready-to-use supplemental foods (RUSF) are energy-dense meals formulated to prevent and treat moderate and severe childhood acute malnutrition (MAM and SAM) in high-risk settings. Although lifesaving, the degree and durability of weight recovery with RUSF is unpredictable. We examined whether environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) and gut microbiota perturbations are risk factors for RUSF failure in a birth cohort of 416 rural Pakistani children followed for growth, common childhood illnesses, and biomarkers from blood, urine, and stool.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The effects of antibiotic use on children's gut microbiomes and resistomes are not well characterized in middle-income countries, where pediatric antibiotic consumption is exceptionally common. We characterized the effects of antibiotics commonly used by Peruvian children (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGut Microbes
December 2025
Université Paris Cité, IAME, INSERM, Paris, France.
Metagenomic sequencing deepened our knowledge about the role of the intestinal microbiota in human health, and several studies with various methodologies explored its dynamics during antibiotic treatments. We compared the impact of four widely used antibiotics on the gut bacterial diversity. We used plasma and fecal samples collected during and after treatment from healthy volunteers assigned to a 5-day treatment either by ceftriaxone (1 g every 24 h through IV route), ceftazidime/avibactam (2 g/500 mg every 8 h through IV route), piperacillin/tazobactam (1 g/500 mg every 8 h through IV route) or moxifloxacin (400 mg every 24 h through oral route).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrop Anim Health Prod
December 2024
Centro de Ciências Agrárias-CCA, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Rod. Admar Gonzaga, 1346 - Itacorubi, Florianopolis, SC, 88034-000, Brazil.
The research aimed to evaluate the effects of a commercial blend of phytogenic compounds on the digestibility, antioxidant system, intestinal microbiota, and performance of weaned piglets. Two experiments compared three treatments (diets): control, zinc bacitracin (300 g/t) and blended phytogenic compounds (400 g/t). The first experiment analised of digestibility of the dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, crude energy and metabolizable energy, in addition to blood parameters and gut microbiota in 15 piglets commercial cross-bred, weaned at 28 days of age, castrated males, weighing 9.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Med Res
December 2024
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
The gut microbiota is a complex and dynamic ecosystem that plays a crucial role in human health and disease, including obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, and cancer. Chronic inflammation is a common feature of these diseases and is closely related to angiogenesis (the process of forming new blood vessels), which is often dysregulated in pathological conditions. Inflammation potentially acts as a central mediator.
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