IntroducciÓn: El síndrome de Rett es un trastorno del neurodesarrollo con una frecuencia estimada de 1/10,000 recién nacidos vivos, el cual se presenta con un modelo de herencia ligado al cromosoma X. Las variantes patogénicas en el gen MECP2, el cual codifica para una proteína que participa en el desarrollo y la diferenciación del sistema nervioso central, causan este síndrome. El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir dos casos de síndrome de Rett, uno de ellos con una nueva variante del gen MECP2.
Casos ClÍnicos: El primer caso se trata de una paciente de 5 años con microcefalia y regresión del neurodesarrollo desde los 3 años. Clínicamente se diagnosticó de síndrome de Rett en estadio III. Se realizó la secuenciación del gen MECP2 y se identificó una variante probablemente patogénica en estado heterocigoto, c.606delC (p.Thr203Argfs*7), que no ha sido reportada previamente. El segundo caso es una paciente de 17 años, referida por discapacidad intelectual grave, que se encontró clínicamente en estadio IV. Se realizó la secuenciación de MECP2 y se identificó una variante patogénica [c.880C>T(p.Arg294*)] ya descrita previamente.
Conclusiones: El diagnóstico clínico de síndrome de Rett se llevó a cabo con criterios establecidos. La confirmación diagnóstica fue mediante la secuenciación de MECP2. Para el correcto abordaje de los trastornos del neurodesarrollo es primordial conocer el fenotipo de síndrome de Rett, así como optar por el análisis molecular para la confirmación del diagnóstico. Los pacientes con síndrome de Rett requieren un seguimiento interdisciplinario para disminuir el impacto de las complicaciones.
Background: Rett syndrome is an X-linked neurodevelopmental disorder with an estimated frequency of 1/10,000 live births caused by hetereozygous pathogenic variants in the MECP2 gene, whose protein participates in the development and differentiation of the central nervous system. This study aimed to describe two cases with Rett syndrome diagnosis, one of them with a new variant of the MECP2 gene.
Case Reports: We first describe the case of a 5-year-old female with microcephaly and neurodevelopmental regression starting at 3 years old, clinically corresponding to stage III Rett syndrome. Sequencing of the MECP2 gene identified a heterozygous likely pathogenic variant [c.606delC (p.Thr203Argfs*7)] not reported previously. The second case is a 17-year-old female, referred due to severe intellectual disability, clinically found on stage IV. MECP2 sequencing was performed identifying a pathogenic variant previously described [c.880C> T (p.Arg294 *)].
Conclusions: Rett syndrome clinical diagnosis was carried out based on established criteria. MECP2 sequencing confirmed the diagnosis. For neurodevelopmental disorders approach, it is essential to know the phenotype of Rett syndrome and select the molecular tool for the diagnosis. Patients with Rett syndrome require interdisciplinary follow-up for reducing the impact of complications.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.24875/BMHIM.20000121 | DOI Listing |
Spec Care Dentist
January 2025
Department of Head & Neck Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
The cases of head and neck cancer among persons with intellectual disability (PWID) are infrequently reported and therefore poorly understood. PWID often face increased barriers of access to healthcare, which can be further compounded when faced with a cancer diagnosis. This report presents the case of a 34-year-old Chinese female patient with Rett syndrome and intellectual disability, presenting with two primary cancers of the tongue and the trachea.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Intellect Dev Disabil
March 2024
Telethon Kids Institute, Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
Background: Siblings of children with intellectual disability have unique family experiences, varying by type of disability.
Methods: Parents of children with Down syndrome (156) or with Rett syndrome (149) completed questionnaires relating to sibling advantages and disadvantages, experiences of holidays and recreation, and perceived availability of parental time. Qualitative responses were analysed using thematic analysis.
Biomed Pharmacother
January 2025
College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 120, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Rett syndrome (RTT) is a neurological disorder caused by a mutation in the X-linked methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MECP2), leading to cognitive and motor skill regression. Therapeutic strategies aimed at increasing brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels have been reported; however, BDNF treatment has limitations, including the inability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier, a short half-life, and potential for adverse effects when administered via intrathecal injection, necessitating novel therapeutic approaches. In this study, we focused on the adenosine A receptor (AR), which modulates BDNF and its downstream pathways, and investigated the therapeutic potential of CGS21680, an AR agonist, through in vitro and in vivo studies using R106W RTT model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Int Med Res
January 2025
Divisions of Gastroenterology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Rett syndrome (RTT) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by mutations in the gene, potentially disrupting lipid metabolism and leading to dyslipidemia (DLD) and steatotic liver disease (SLD). Although SLD has been described in RTT mouse models, it remains undocumented in humans. We herein describe a 24-year-old woman with RTT who was evaluated for abnormal liver enzymes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Prev Alzheimers Dis
January 2025
Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA. Electronic address:
Background: There are no approved oral disease-modifying treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess efficacy and safety of blarcamesine (ANAVEX®2-73), an orally available small-molecule activator of the sigma-1 receptor (SIGMAR1) in early AD through restoration of cellular homeostasis including autophagy enhancement.
Design: ANAVEX2-73-AD-004 was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 48-week Phase IIb/III trial.
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