AI Article Synopsis

  • RNA-Seq analysis of human semen highlights the need for purifying sperm samples to remove somatic cells with excessive RNA, which can skew results.
  • The study evaluated the effects of density gradient centrifugation on porcine sperm transcriptome, finding similarities between purified and non-purified samples, but also significant differences in gene expression levels.
  • A total of 7,519 protein coding genes were identified, with 372 showing altered RNA levels post-purification, mainly linked to lower gene expression involved in translation and metabolism, suggesting the purification process impacts certain genes primarily from epididymal and germinal origins.

Article Abstract

RNA-Seq data from human semen suggests that the study of the sperm transcriptome requires the previous elimination from the ejaculates of somatic cells carrying a larger load of RNA. Semen purification is also carried to study the sperm transcriptome in other species including swine and it is often done by density gradient centrifugation to obtain viable spermatozoa from fresh ejaculates or artificial insemination doses, thereby limiting the throughput and remoteness of the samples that can be processed in one study. The aim of this work was to evaluate the impact of purification with density gradient centrifugation by BoviPure on porcine sperm. Four boar ejaculates were purified with BoviPure and their transcriptome sequenced by RNA-Seq was compared with the RNA-Seq profiles of their paired non-purified sample. Seven thousand five hundred and nineteen protein coding genes were identified. Correlation, cluster, and principal component analysis indicated high-although not complete-similarity between the purified and the paired non-purified ejaculates. 372 genes displayed differentially abundant RNA levels between treatments. Most of these genes had lower abundances after purification and were mostly related to translation, transcription and metabolic processes. We detected a significant change in the proportion of genes of epididymal origin within the differentially abundant genes (1.3%) when compared with the catalog of unaltered genes (0.2%). In contrast, the proportion of testis-specific genes was higher in the group of unaltered genes (4%) when compared to the list of differentially abundant genes (0%). No proportion differences were identified for prostate, white blood, lymph node, tonsil, duodenum, skeletal muscle, liver, and mammary gland. Altogether, these results suggest that the purification impacts on the RNA levels of a small number of genes which are most likely caused by the removal of epididymal epithelial cells but also premature germinal cells, immature or abnormal spermatozoa or seminal exosomes with a distinct load of RNAs.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8326511PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.668158DOI Listing

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