AI Article Synopsis
- Interleukin-16 (IL-16) is a key cytokine that influences immune responses and bacterial defense, but its effects in fish, specifically the tongue sole, are not well understood.
- The study identified a homologue called CsIL-16, which consists of 1181 amino acids and shows varying similarities to IL-16 from other species.
- Recombinant CsIL-16 demonstrated the ability to enhance the function of immune cells and effectively inhibit the bacteria E. tarda, highlighting its significant role in antibacterial immunity in fish.
Article Abstract
Interleukin-16 (IL-16), as a lymphocyte chemoattractant cytokine, plays a crucial role in regulating cellular activities and anti-pathogen immunity. In teleost, the information about the antibacterial effect of IL-16 is scarce. In our study, we examined the immune functions of an IL-16 homologue (CsIL-16) from tongue sole Cynoglossus semilaevis. The CsIL-16 precursor (proCsIL-16) is comprised of 1181 amino acid residues, sharing 21.1%-67.3% identities with IL-16 precursor from invertebrate and vertebrate. The C-terminal proCsIL-16 containing two PDZ domains was designated as mature CsIL-16 which was released into the supernatant of peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs). CsIL-16 was expressed in various tissues and regulated by bacterial invasion. Recombinant CsIL-16 (rCsIL-16), as a homodimer, was able to bind to the membrane of PBLs and played essential roles in regulating chemotaxis and activation of PBLs, which in vitro inhibited intracellular survival of E. tarda. Under in vivo condition, rCsIL-16 could dramatically regulate the induction of inflammatory genes, and suppress the bacterial dissemination in fish tissues. Collectively, our results reveal that CsIL-16 plays positive roles in antibacterial immunity, and provide insights into the immune function of CsIL-16.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.151 | DOI Listing |
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