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Interlaminar and varicose-projection astrocytes: toward a new understanding of the primate brain.
Front Cell Neurosci
November 2024
Department of Neuroscience, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Trieste, Italy.
In the last years, science started to move toward a more view, in which astrocytes are hypothesized to be directly involved in cognitive functions. Indeed, astrocytes show a variety of shapes with species-specific characteristics, suggesting a specialization of roles during evolution. Interlaminar (ILA) and varicose-projection (VP-As) astrocytes show an anatomical organization that is different compared to the classical horizontal net typically formed by protoplasmic and fibrous astrocytes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRacial and Ethnic Disparities in Failure-to-Rescue After Postoperative Sepsis After Noncardiac Surgery.
Anesth Analg
December 2024
Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York.
Background: Sepsis disproportionately affects marginalized communities. This study aims to evaluate racial and ethnic disparities in failure-to-rescue (FTR) after postoperative sepsis.
Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program for patients who underwent inpatient noncardiac surgery between 2018 and 2021.
Time Since Prior NSTEMI and Major Adverse Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Events After Noncardiac Surgery.
JAMA Surg
January 2025
RAND Health, RAND, Boston, Massachusetts.
Article Synopsis
- Delaying elective noncardiac surgery after an acute myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) leads to better health outcomes, but existing guidelines are outdated and based on old data.
- A study analyzed Medicare data from surgeries between 2015 and 2020, focusing on patients 67 and older, to determine how the time since an NSTEMI affects postoperative risks.
- Results showed that surgeries performed within 30 days of an NSTEMI significantly increased the chances of major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, with risks leveling off after 30 days for those who had heart procedures, but increasing again after 180 days.
The Opportunistic Pathogen : Virulence and Antibiotic Resistance, Clinical Features, Association with Orthopedic Implants and Other Medical Devices, and a Glance at Industrial Applications.
Antibiotics (Basel)
October 2024
Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration, Laboratory on Pathology of Implant Infections, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
In recent decades, the risk of developing opportunistic infections has increased in parallel with the ever-increasing number of people suffering from chronic immunosuppressive diseases or undergoing prosthetic surgery. is a Gram-positive and coagulase-negative bacterium. Usually found as a component of the healthy human and animal microbiota of the skin and mucosae, it can take on the role of an opportunistic pathogen capable of causing a variety of infections, ranging from mild to life-threatening, not only in immunocompromised patients but even, although rarely, in healthy people.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Bottom-Up and Top-Down Processing during At-a-Glance Reading.
J Neurosci
November 2024
Departments of Linguistics, New York University, New York, New York 10003.
Like all domains of cognition, language processing is affected by top-down knowledge. Classic evidence for this is missing blatant errors in the signal. In sentence comprehension, one instance is failing to notice word order errors, such as transposed words in the middle of a sentence: "you that read wrong" (Mirault et al.
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