Small molecule inhibitors of mammalian GSK-3β promote in vitro plant cell reprogramming and somatic embryogenesis in crop and forest species. | LitMetric
Plant in vitro regeneration systems, such as somatic embryogenesis, are essential in breeding; they permit propagation of elite genotypes, production of doubled-haploids, and regeneration of whole plants from gene editing or transformation events. However, in many crop and forest species, somatic embryogenesis is highly inefficient. We report a new strategy to improve in vitro embryogenesis using synthetic small molecule inhibitors of mammalian glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β), never used in plants. These inhibitors increased in vitro embryo production in three different systems and species, microspore embryogenesis of Brassica napus and Hordeum vulgare, and somatic embryogenesis of Quercus suber. TDZD-8, a representative compound of the molecules tested, inhibited GSK-3 activity in microspore cultures, and increased expression of embryogenesis genes FUS3, LEC2, and AGL15. Plant GSK-3 kinase BIN2 is a master regulator of brassinosteroid (BR) signalling. During microspore embryogenesis, BR biosynthesis and signalling genes CPD, GSK-3-BIN2, BES1, and BZR1 were up-regulated and the BAS1 catabolic gene was repressed, indicating activation of the BR pathway. TDZD-8 increased expression of BR signalling elements, mimicking BR effects. The findings support that the small molecule inhibitors promoted somatic embryogenesis by activating the BR pathway, opening up the way for new strategies using GSK-3β inhibitors that could be extended to other species.
Biochemical signaling arising from mechanical force-induced physical changes in biological macromolecules is a critical determinant of key physiological processes across all biological lengths and time scales. Recent studies have deepened our understanding of how mechano-transduction regulates somatic tissues such as those in alveolar, gastrointestinal, embryonic, and skeleto-muscular systems. The germline of an organism has a heterogeneous composition - of germ cells at different stages of maturation and mature gametes, often supported and influenced by their accessory somatic tissues.
Background: Pinus thunbergii is an economically important conifer species that plays a fundamental role in forest ecosystems. However, the population has declined dramatically in recent years as a result of the pine wilt disease outbreak. Thus, developing pine wilt-resistant P.
Department of Pediatric Surgery and Laboratory of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Histone modification signatures mark sites of transcriptional regulatory elements and regions of gene activation and repression. These sites vary among cell types and undergo dynamic changes during development and in diseases. Oocytes produce numerous maternal factors essential for early embryonic development, which are significantly influenced by epigenetic modifications.
College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China. Electronic address:
The G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) plays a crucial role in various biological processes, but its regulation of oocyte meiosis remains unclear. In this study, we generated a Gper1 knockout in growing oocytes using Zp3-Cre, revealing that GPER is essential for oocyte maturation and embryo development. RNA-seq analysis indicated that GPER deficiency significantly altered the oocyte transcriptome and disrupted mRNA translation.
() genes play significant roles in plant development and stress responses. Difficulties in somatic embryogenesis are a significant constraint on the uniform seedling production and genetic modification of , hindering efforts to improve coffee production in Yunnan, China. This study comprehensively analyzed genes in three species.
