The explicit dependence of the rate of photoinduced ordering (photo-orientation) of an azobenzene-containing liquid-crystalline polymer on the photostationary concentration of cis-azobenzene has been predicted theoretically and found experimentally. The employed kinetic model based on the photoinduced rearrangement of the domain structure of a liquid-crystalline material predicts the maximum rate of photo-orientation at ca. 50% content of the cis-isomer in the photostationary state of irradiation. For experimental fine tuning of the photostationary trans-cis ratio, the simultaneous irradiation of material with two beams of light with different wavelengths was employed. The excellent agreement of theory and experiment indicates that the difference of photostationary fractions of cis-azobenzene fragments in adjacent domains of different orientations is the driving force of photoinduced ordering.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1cp01585k | DOI Listing |
J Colloid Interface Sci
December 2024
Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, Tor Vergata University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy. Electronic address:
The mutant selection window (MSW) is a range of antimicrobial concentrations, where some bacteria are killed, while others survive. Within this interval resistance may develop. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a promising class of antimicrobials that generally act by perturbing the integrity of bacterial membranes.
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December 2024
Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 Potsdam 14476 Germany
Self-assembly is a powerful strategy for creating complex architectures and elucidating the aggregation behaviors of biopolymers. Herein, we investigate the hierarchical assembly of chitin using a approach based on synthetic oligosaccharides. We discovered that chitin oligosaccharides self-assemble into platelets, which then form higher-order structures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
December 2024
Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Controlling the functional properties of quantum materials with light has emerged as a frontier of condensed-matter physics, leading to the discovery of various light-induced phases of matter, such as superconductivity, ferroelectricity, magnetism and charge density waves. However, in most cases, the photoinduced phases return to equilibrium on ultrafast timescales after the light is turned off, limiting their practical applications. Here we use intense terahertz pulses to induce a metastable magnetization with a remarkably long lifetime of more than 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
December 2024
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan.
A site-selective functionalization of a C(sp)-H bond was achieved in the presence of an intrinsically more reactive C(sp)-H bond by controlling the orientation of a directing group via a photo-induced E/Z isomerization of an oxime ether. By combining E/Z isomerization and an electron deficient Cp*Ir(III) catalyst, the scope of oxime ethers in C(sp)-H functionalization was successfully expanded. Based on this strategy, the order of C-H activation was switchable and successive C(sp)-H/C(sp)-H and C(sp)-H/C(sp)-H double functionalizations were accomplished to construct densely functionalized structures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Polym Au
December 2024
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Seton Hall University, South Orange, New Jersey 07079, United States.
Unusual photophysical and scattering behavior is described for hyperbranched poly(phenylene sulfide) materials. These materials show interactions between the π systems of the aromatic monomer units in both ground and excited states, resulting in broad ranges for absorption and emission of light. The materials also display unusual scattering behavior; this is attributed to enhanced scattering by delocalized excited states resulting from the monomer unit interactions.
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