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Epigenetic Biomarkers in Thrombophilia-Related Pregnancy Complications: Mechanisms, Diagnostic Potential, and Therapeutic Implications: A Narrative Review.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
Pregnancy complications associated with thrombophilia represent significant risks for maternal and fetal health, leading to adverse outcomes such as pre-eclampsia, recurrent pregnancy loss, and intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR). They are caused by disruptions in key physiological processes, including the coagulation cascade, trophoblast invasion, angiogenesis, and immune control. Recent advancements in epigenetics have revealed that non-coding RNAs, especially microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and extracellular vesicles (EVs) carrying these RNAs, play crucial roles in the regulation of these biological processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInhibitor of DNA Binding Protein 2 (ID2) Mediates the Anti-Proliferative and Pro-Differentiation Effects of Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1).
Life (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
In preeclampsia (PE), impaired trophoblast proliferation and differentiation are thought to cause abnormal placentation and subsequent clinical manifestations of the disease, i.e., hypertension, proteinuria, and end-organ damage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Interplay of Molecular Factors and Morphology in Human Placental Development and Implantation.
Biomedicines
December 2024
Department II of Microscopic Morphology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, E. Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
The placenta is a vital organ that supports fetal development by mediating nutrient and gas exchange, regulating immune tolerance, and maintaining hormonal balance. Its formation and function are tightly linked to the processes of embryo implantation and the establishment of a robust placental-uterine interface. Recent advances in molecular biology and histopathology have shed light on the key regulatory factors governing these processes, including trophoblast invasion, spiral artery remodeling, and the development of chorionic villi.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Zika virus NS5 protein binds HSP90 to suppress EGF-induced Akt signaling and trophoblast cell migration.
Virology
December 2024
Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA; Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Institute on Infectious Diseases, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. Electronic address:
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy can cause congenital Zika virus syndrome (CZV), including fetal growth restriction and death. In the developing placenta, trophoblast cells respond to epidermal growth factor (EGF) to migrate into the decidua to facilitate implantation and fetal development. EGF activates the Akt protein kinase, a master regulator of trophoblast cell migration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhile most pregnancies are affected by nausea and vomiting, hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is at the severe end of the clinical spectrum and is associated with dehydration, undernutrition, and adverse maternal, fetal, and child outcomes. Herein we performed a multi-ancestry genome-wide association study (GWAS) of severe nausea and vomiting of pregnancy of 10,974 cases and 461,461 controls across European, Asian, African, and Latino ancestries. We identified ten significantly associated loci, of which six were novel ( , , , , , and and confirmed previous genome-wide significant associations with risk genes , , , and .
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