Background: Obesity is associated to dietary factors, mostly those related to nutrients and energy. The aim of the present study was to explore the interaction of dietary patterns and the age of onset of obesity on anthropometric indicators among Iranian women.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 266 obese and overweight Iranian females who were between 18 and 48 years old with BMI>25 (kg/m).Dietary intake was assessed using a semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was calculated for all participants. Three dietary patterns principle component analysis (PCA) was used as a factor score for each of the three dietary patterns. Anthropometric evaluation was performed for participants.
Results: A significant inverse relationship (p < 0.05) was found between DASH score and the age of onset of obesity under 18 years old, fat-free mass, and weight in women. Conversely it was observed that higher weight and body mass index (BMI) were associated with the age of onset of obesity under 18 years old compared to participants more than 18 years old (p < 0.05). Moreover, it was observed that higher adherence to DASH dietary pattern has a positive correlation with lower BMI (P = 0.07), visceral fat (P = 0.03), and body fat mass (BFM) (P = 0.07). A significant interaction between DASH pattern and onset obesity under 18 years old on weight observed in women (P = 0.001).
Conclusions: This study suggested that DASH dietary pattern is a good choice for weight management and a healthier body in general and may decrease the development of obesity-related diseases. It was suggested that higher adherence to DASH pattern may reduce the obesity markers and decrease the development of obesity-related diseases.
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