Purpose: To assess the usefulness of FDG-PET/CT as a potential diagnostic tool for detecting underlying systemic diseases (SD) in patients with orbital inflammatory disorders (OID).
Methods: All consecutive patients managed for new-onset OID between 2011 and 2018 in a tertiary referral center, who underwent FDG-PET/CT as part of the etiological diagnostic workup were evaluated. To quantify the incremental value of FDG-PET/CT over standard diagnostic workup, the Net Reclassification Index (NRI) and Integrated Discrimination Index (IDI) were used.
Results: Among the 22 patients enrolled, 11 (50%) had a positive FDG-PET/CT. After clinicobiological evaluation, FDG-PET/CT correctly reclassified 4(29%) of 14 patients with SD ( = .04) and 1(13%) of 8 with idiopathic orbital inflammation syndrome ( = .32). NRI and IDI were 0.41 ± 0.17 ( = .03) and 0.38 ± 0.08 ( < .001), respectively. FDG-PET/CT successfully detected asymptomatic lesions in all (n = 4) patients with lymphoma.
Conclusion: FDG-PET/CT enabled accurate reclassification of more than one-quarter of patients with SD, especially extraorbital lymphomas.
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