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Sarcoidosis involvement of the diaphragm leading to right diaphragmatic elevation: a case report. | LitMetric

Sarcoidosis involvement of the diaphragm leading to right diaphragmatic elevation: a case report.

Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis

Department of Pneumology, Cologne Merheim Hospital, Kliniken der Stadt Köln gGmbH, Faculty of Health/School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Cologne, Germany.

Published: June 2021

AI Article Synopsis

Article Abstract

A 69-year-old male Caucasian presenting with dyspnea on exertion related to unilateral diaphragmatic dysfunction as caused by sarcoidosis is described. First, right diaphragmatic elevation was unexplained, while the patient presented with a restrictive pattern in lung function testing using bodyplethysmography and with reduced global and diaphragmatic respiratory muscle strength as evidenced by respiratory pressures. Subsequently, surgical diaphragm plication was performed, unfortunately, without any clinical improvement. Microscopic examination of diaphragm sections revealed a lymphocytic myositis with granulomatous pleuritis showing multiple non-caseating epithelioid granulomas. Accordingly, a lymphocytic alveolitis (26% lymphocytes) with an elevated CD4/CD8 T cell ratio of 8.0% and elevated serum parameters (neopterin and sIL-2 receptor) were established. Consequently, the diagnosis of pulmonary sarcoidosis with diaphragm involvement but without extrapulmonary involvement has been established. Therefore, sarcoidosis needs to be considered in any patient presenting with unilateral diaphragmatic dysfunction. The optimal treatment strategy, however, needs to be established in the future.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8288201PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.36141/svdld.v38i2.8042DOI Listing

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