Rationale: Palatability and incentive value influence animal food choice. Dopamine D2/3 receptor signaling may mediate the effects of palatability and incentive value on choice. Dopamine signaling is disrupted in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Investigating behavioral choice processes under D2/3 receptor agonists will help elucidate behavioral and pharmacological correlates of ADHD.
Objectives: To determine (1) how changes in incentive value affects choice of actions for outcomes that differ in palatability; (2) the effects of the D2/3 agonist quinpirole on choice based on palatability and incentive value; (3) how choice differs in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR; ADHD model) compared with control strains.
Methods: Rats responded instrumentally for two food outcomes (chocolate and grain pellets) that differed in palatability. Following specific satiety of one outcome, rats underwent a choice test. Prior to the choice test, rats were given intra-peritoneal quinpirole (0.01-0.1 mg/kg) body weight. These manipulations were conducted in three strains of rats: SHR rats; the normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) controls; and Wistar outbred (WIS) controls.
Results: All rat strains responded more vigorously for chocolate pellets compared with grain pellets. Quinpirole reduced the effects of palatability and dose-dependently increased the effects of incentive value on choice. SHR rats were the least influenced by incentive value, whereas WKY rats were the least influenced by palatability.
Conclusions: These results show that D2/3 signaling modulates choice based on palatability and incentive value. Disruption of this process in SHR rats may mirror motivational impairments observed in ADHD.
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