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Foetal mouth movements: Effects of nicotine. | LitMetric

Foetal mouth movements: Effects of nicotine.

Acta Paediatr

Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, The James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK.

Published: November 2021

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study aimed to evaluate how foetal mouth movement frequency changes during gestation and if there's a difference in these movements based on exposure to cigarettes or e-cigarettes compared to non-exposed foetuses.
  • Researchers performed 4D ultrasound scans on pregnant women at 32 and 36 weeks of gestation and categorized foetuses into four exposure groups: non-smokers, light smokers, heavy smokers, and e-cigarette users.
  • No significant differences in mouth movement frequency were observed among the exposure groups, but a decline in mouth movements from 32 to 36 weeks was noted, suggesting that a broader range of behavioural assessments is necessary to fully understand the impact of smoking on foetal development.*

Article Abstract

Aim: To assess whether foetal mouth movement frequency changes across gestation and whether there are differences between cigarette and e-cigarette exposure conditions in comparison to a non-exposed group of foetuses.

Method: Pregnant women underwent 4-dimensional (4D) foetal ultrasound scans at 32 weeks (106 scans) and 36 weeks of gestational age (87 scans) at James Cook University Hospital, UK. The 4D scans were coded using the Fetal Observable Movement System (FOMS). Measures of maternal smoking status, stress, depression, anxiety, attachment and time of scan were also collected. There were four exposure groups: non-smokers, light smokers (<10 per day), heavy smokers (11-20 per day) and e-cigarette users.

Results: No significant differences in relative frequency of mouth movements between the exposure groups at 32- and 36 weeks of gestational age were found. Foetal mouth movements declined from 32 to 36 weeks of gestation for non-exposed and e-cigarette-exposed foetuses.

Conclusion: Due to variability in foetal behaviour, examining mouth movements alone may not be the most appropriate method for assessing group differences. However, in line with other research, mouth movement frequency declined between 32- and 36 weeks of gestational age. A combination of foetal behavioural assessments is needed to assess the effects of cigarette and e-cigarette exposure on foetal neurobehavioural development.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apa.16042DOI Listing

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