Cardiovasc Drugs Ther
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahliya, Egypt.
Published: December 2022
Purpose: This research was designed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of flavocoxid (FCX) on vascular calcification (VC) in rats.
Methods: Vitamin D and nicotine were administered to Wistar rats, which then received FCX (VC-FCX group) or its vehicle (VC group) for 4 weeks. Control and FCX groups served as controls. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures, heart rate (HR), and left ventricular weight (LVW)/BW were measured. Serum concentrations of calcium, phosphate, creatinine, uric acid, and alkaline phosphatase were determined. Moreover, aortic calcium content and aortic expression of runt-related transcription factor (Runx2), osteopontin (OPN), Il-1β, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were assessed. Oxidative status in aortic homogenates was investigated.
Results: Compared to untreated VC rats, FCX treatment prevented body weight loss, reduced aortic calcium deposition, restored normal values of SBP, DBP, and HR, and attenuated LV hypertrophy. FCX also improved renal function and ameliorated serum levels of phosphorus, calcium, and ALP in rats with VC. FCX abolished aortic lipid peroxidation in VC rats. Moreover, VC-FCX rats showed marked reductions in aortic levels of Il-1β and osteogenic marker (Runx2) and attenuated aortic expression of TNF-α, iNOS, and MMP-9 proteins compared to untreated VC rats. The expression of the smooth muscle lineage marker α-SMA was greatly enhanced in aortas from VC rats upon FCX treatment.
Conclusion: These findings demonstrate FCX ability to attenuate VDN-induced aortic calcinosis in rats, suggesting its potential for preventing arteiocalcinosis in diabetic patients and those with chronic kidney disease.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10557-021-07227-6 | DOI Listing |
Mol Neurobiol
November 2024
Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Smętna 12, 31-343, Kraków, Poland.
Prenatal excess of glucocorticoids (GCs) is considered to be one of the highly impacting factors contributing to depression development. Although GCs are crucial for normal fetal development and their administration (mainly dexamethasone, DEX) is a life-saving procedure for those at risk of preterm delivery, exposure to excess levels of GCs during pregnancy can yield detrimental consequences. Therefore, we aimed to systematically investigate the brain molecular alterations triggered by prenatal DEX administration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndocrinol Diabetes Metab
September 2022
Research, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Introduction: Resveratrol and related polyphenols have therapeutic effects ranging from treatment of depression, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, obesity, diabetes, neurodegeneration and ageing. TRH and TRH-like peptides, with the structure pGlu-X-Pro-NH , where 'X can be any amino acid reside, have reproductive, caloric-restriction-like, anti-ageing, pancreatic-β cell-enhancing, cardiovascular and neuroprotective effects. We hypothesize that TRH and TRH-like peptides are mediators of the therapeutic actions of the resveratrol derivative pterostilbene (PT).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCardiovasc Drugs Ther
December 2022
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahliya, Egypt.
Purpose: This research was designed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of flavocoxid (FCX) on vascular calcification (VC) in rats.
Methods: Vitamin D and nicotine were administered to Wistar rats, which then received FCX (VC-FCX group) or its vehicle (VC group) for 4 weeks. Control and FCX groups served as controls.
Mol Cell Endocrinol
October 2019
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA. Electronic address:
Estrogens have many beneficial effects in the brain. Previously, we evaluated the effects of two models of menopause (surgical vs. transitional) on multiple monoaminergic endpoints in different regions of the adult rat brain in comparison with levels in gonadally intact rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
April 2019
Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Sciences and Technology, São José dos Campos 12245-000, Brazil.
Purpose: The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of cigarette smoke inhalation on an autogenous onlay bone graft area, either covered with a collagen membrane or not, in healthy and estrogen-deficient rats through histomorphometry and immunohistochemistry.
Materials And Methods: Sixty female rats (Wistar), weighing 250-300 g, were randomly divided and allocated into groups (either exposed to cigarette smoke inhalation or not, ovariectomized and SHAM). After 15 days, the test group underwent cigarette smoke inhalation.
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