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Epidemiological Features, Clinical Symptoms, and Environmental Risk Factors for Notifiable Japanese Encephalitis in Taiwan From 2008 to 2020: Retrospective Study.
JMIR Public Health Surveill
January 2025
School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan.
Background: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), and may cause fever, nausea, headache, or meningitis. It is currently unclear whether the epidemiological characteristics of the JEV have been affected by the extreme climatic conditions that have been observed in recent years.
Objective: This study aimed to examine the epidemiological characteristics, trends, and potential risk factors of JE in Taiwan from 2008 to 2020.
Impact of riverbed renaturalization on the attenuation of antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance in wastewater effluent-dominated streams.
Environ Res
January 2025
Department of Environmental Chemistry. IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address:
Mediterranean streams contain substantial proportions of wastewater treatment plant effluent, occasionally constituting the entire water flow. Here, we analysed the seasonal occurrence of 23 antibiotics (AB) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) by tracking 3 marker genes and bacterial community dynamics in two wastewater effluent-dominated streams. One stream was renaturalized with meanders and vegetation, while the other was linear and had a low vegetation density.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImpacts of aquaculture on nitrogen cycling and microbial community dynamics in coastal tidal flats.
Environ Res
January 2025
College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China.
The expansion of aquaculture areas has encroached upon vast areas of coastal wetlands and introduced excessive nitrogen inputs, disrupting microbial communities and contributing to various environmental issues. However, investigations on how aquaculture affects microbial communities and nitrogen metabolism mechanisms in coastal tidal flats remain scarce. Hence, we explored the composition, diversity, and assembly processes of nitrogen-cycling (N-cycling) microbial communities in tidal flats in Jiangsu using metagenomic assembly methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of UV exposure on DNA deposited on drug capsules.
Forensic Sci Int
January 2025
College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia.
Illicit drugs are often made in less-than-sterile environments and can be stored in ways which can be detrimental to any DNA present, such as whether they are exposed to UV radiation. Previously, analysis of how exposure to UV impacted DNA for forensic applications has been in controlled laboratory conditions isolating a single component of UV radiation and often on DNA-rich samples such as bloodstains or saliva. To evaluate DNA persistence in more realistic conditions, capsules, such as those used to distribute controlled substances, were manually made and then packed into ziplock bags.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSource-specific bias correction of US background and anthropogenic ozone modeled in CMAQ.
Geosci Model Dev
November 2024
School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
United States (US) background ozone (O) is the counterfactual O that would exist with zero US anthropogenic emissions. Estimates of US background O typically come from chemical transport models (CTMs), but different models vary in their estimates of both background and total O. Here, a measurement-model data fusion approach is used to estimate CTM biases in US anthropogenic O and multiple US background O sources, including natural emissions, long-range international emissions, short-range international emissions from Canada and Mexico, and stratospheric O.
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