α-Functionalized α,β-unsaturated aldehydes is an important class of compounds, which are widely used in fine organic synthesis, biology, medicine and pharmacology, chemical industry, and agriculture. Some of the 2-substituted 2-alkenals are found to be the key metabolites in plant and animal cells. Therefore, the development of efficient methods for their synthesis attracts the attention of organic chemists. This review focusses on the recent advances in the synthesis of 2-functionally substituted 2-alkenals. The approaches to the preparation of α-alkyl α,β-unsaturated aldehydes are not included in this review.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26144297 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Zoonotic Diseases, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt.
Toxoplasmosis induced by Toxoplasma gondii is a well-known health threat, that prompts fatal encephalitis increased with immunocompromised patients, in addition, it can cause chorioretinitis, microcephaly, stillbirth in the fetus and even led to death. Standard therapy uses sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine drugs revealed beneficial results during the acute stage, however, it has severe side effects. UPLC-ESI-MS/MS used to explore C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int
December 2024
Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215008, China. Electronic address:
Background: Despite the insights into the role of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A1 (ALDH1A1) in various liver diseases, the expression and its prognostic significance in patients with hepatitis E virus-related acute liver failure (HEV-ALF) remain unclear. This study delved into the assessment of serum exosome-derived ALDH1A1 expression and its prognostic implications for HEV-ALF patients.
Methods: Between January 2018 and December 2023, a total of 226 individuals with acute hepatitis E (AHE) and 210 patients with HEV-ALF were recruited from member units of Chinese Consortium for the Study of Hepatitis E.
Nat Plants
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China.
Plant cuticular waxes serve as highly responsive adaptations to variable environments. Aliphatic waxes consist of very-long-chain (VLC) compounds produced from 1-alcohol- or alkane-forming pathways. The existing variation in 1-alcohols and alkanes across Arabidopsis accessions revealed that 1-alcohol amounts are negatively correlated with aridity factors, whereas alkanes display the opposite behaviour.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Biol Rep
January 2025
Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, People's Republic of China.
Background: Tubular injury triggered by hyperglycemia is an important pathological characteristic in diabetic nephropathy (DN). Accumulated advanced glycation end products and their precursor methylglyoxal (MGO), contribute to the development of DN. Carnosine has been shown to prevent the development of DN but the underlying mechanism still needs to be studied in depth.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Toxicol
January 2025
Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117543, Singapore.
Psilocin is a well-studied controlled substance with potential psychotherapeutic applications. However, research gaps remain regarding its metabolism. Our objective was to elucidate a comprehensive Phase I metabolic profile of psilocin to support its forensic management and clinical development.
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