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Phylogenetic reconstruction of ancestral ecological networks through time for pierid butterflies and their host plants. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • This study focuses on herbivorous insects, specifically Pieridae butterflies and their host plants, to explore how species interactions evolve through coevolution and evolutionary arms races.
  • Researchers created ancestral ecological networks to analyze how two key structural features, modularity and nestedness, evolved as butterflies gained new hosts and interacted with them over time.
  • The findings highlight the importance of integrating network analysis with evolutionary models to better understand the complexities of species interactions and how they change.

Article Abstract

The study of herbivorous insects underpins much of the theory that concerns the evolution of species interactions. In particular, Pieridae butterflies and their host plants have served as a model system for studying evolutionary arms races. To learn more about the coevolution of these two clades, we reconstructed ancestral ecological networks using stochastic mappings that were generated by a phylogenetic model of host-repertoire evolution. We then measured if, when, and how two ecologically important structural features of the ancestral networks (modularity and nestedness) evolved over time. Our study shows that as pierids gained new hosts and formed new modules, a subset of them retained or recolonised the ancestral host(s), preserving connectivity to the original modules. Together, host-range expansions and recolonisations promoted a phase transition in network structure. Our results demonstrate the power of combining network analysis with Bayesian inference of host-repertoire evolution to understand changes in complex species interactions over time.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ele.13842DOI Listing

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