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Diabetes mellitus and glymphatic dysfunction: Roles for oxidative stress, mitochondria, circadian rhythm, artificial intelligence, and imaging.
World J Diabetes
January 2025
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20810, United States.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a debilitating disorder that impacts all systems of the body and has been increasing in prevalence throughout the globe. DM represents a significant clinical challenge to care for individuals and prevent the onset of chronic disability and ultimately death. Underlying cellular mechanisms for the onset and development of DM are multi-factorial in origin and involve pathways associated with the production of reactive oxygen species and the generation of oxidative stress as well as the dysfunction of mitochondrial cellular organelles, programmed cell death, and circadian rhythm impairments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMore Than a Decade of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Polypill Trials: Lessons for Heart Failure Polypills.
JACC Adv
December 2024
Department of Medicine and Global Health Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, United States.
Pros and Cons of Inpatient SGLT2i Use for Hyperglycemia and Heart Failure.
J Endocr Soc
January 2025
Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, NY 11040, USA.
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is), originally approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), have shown substantial cardiovascular and renal benefits, leading to their expanded use in managing heart failure (HF) and chronic kidney disease in the outpatient setting. Despite these benefits, their use for inpatient hyperglycemia management is not universally endorsed due to safety concerns and inadequate data. However, emerging evidence suggests potential advantages of initiating SGLT2i treatment for patients during hospitalization in the setting of HF.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical use of molecular methods for infection in endemic and non-endemic countries: Benefits, limitations and challenges.
Front Parasitol
November 2023
Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative, Latin America, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
infection is diagnosed by parasitological, molecular, and serological tests. Molecular methods based on DNA amplification provide a more sensitive alternative to classical parasitological techniques for detecting evidence of parasitemia, and are the preferred tests for congenital and oral transmission cases and parasite reactivation in chronically infected immunosuppressed individuals. In newborns at risk of vertical transmission, simplified diagnostic algorithms that provide timely results can reduce the high follow-up losses observed with current algorithms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecular Pharmacology of Dasatinib Provides Unique Insights into the Mechanistic Basis of Success and Failure of Targeted Cancer Therapy.
ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci
January 2025
Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Rhode Island, 120 Flagg Rd, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States.
Despite the enthusiasm for targeted cancer therapies in preclinical studies and the success of a select few drugs, many promising drug candidates fail in clinical trials. The gap between preclinical promise and clinical outcomes underscores the need to investigate factors influencing the success or failure of targeted therapies. Dasatinib, an inhibitor of Abl and Src protein tyrosine kinases, is highly effective toward chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) by targeting BCR-Abl, but it is ineffective against solid tumors when targeting Src kinases.
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