Electron micrographs of guinea-pig oesophageal striated muscle have been subjected to quantitative assessment. The results show that whereas the motor end-plates are considerably simpler than those of control hindlimb muscles, the Z-line width and M-line bridges are those of fast-twitch, oxidative and glycolytic fibres. Guinea-pig oesophageal striated muscle continues to defy classification into the normally accepted subtypes for skeletal muscle and should thus be considered as an example of 'visceral striated muscle'.
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J Pharmacol Sci
April 2024
Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Chiba, Funabashi-City, 274-8510, Japan.
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is expected to increase esophageal motility. However, to the best of our knowledge, this has not been examined. Thus, we investigated the contractile effects of PAF on guinea pig (GP) esophageal muscularis mucosae (EMM) and the extracellular Ca influx pathways responsible.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Pharmacol
November 2023
State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China. Electronic address:
Objective: The anti-tussive effect of gabapentin and its underlying neuromodulatory mechanism were investigated via a modified guinea pig model of gastroesophageal reflux-related cough (GERC).
Methods: Intra-esophageal perfusion with hydrochloric acid (HCl) was performed every other day 12 times to establish the GERC model. High-dose gabapentin (48 mg/kg), low-dose gabapentin (8 mg/kg), or saline was orally administered for 2 weeks after modeling.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol
June 2023
Department of Urology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Background: The incidence of nephrolithiasis is increasing rapidly worldwide. Calcium oxalate is the most common constituent, contributing to approximately 80% of all kidney stones. The gut microbiome, through its oxalate-degrading ability, may play a role in decreasing morbidity due to urinary calculus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRespir Physiol Neurobiol
July 2022
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China. Electronic address:
Esophageal-tracheobronchial reflex is considered the main mechanism underlying cough due to gastroesophageal reflux, and is associated with esophageal hypersensitivity. We hypothesized that tracheobronchial-esophageal reflex may also exist, and may be related to esophageal hypersensitivity. To test this hypothesis, conscious and ether-anesthetized guinea pigs were subjected to repetitive capsaicin inhalation to establish models of cough (conscious) and cough-free (anesthetized) airway injury, respectively, followed by esophageal acid infusion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiotechnol Appl Biochem
February 2023
Hofseth BioCare, Ålesund, Norway.
The inappropriate activation of eosinophils is a well-recognized driver of various human inflammatory diseases including asthma, chronic rhinitis, and various gastrointestinal diseases, including eosinophilic esophagitis. Steroids, both topical and systemic, remain a cornerstone of treatment and can be highly effective. However, some individuals suffer side effects, unresolved symptoms, or both.
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