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Interpretable prioritization of splice variants in diagnostic next-generation sequencing. | LitMetric

Interpretable prioritization of splice variants in diagnostic next-generation sequencing.

Am J Hum Genet

The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, 10 Discovery Drive, Farmington, CT 06032, USA; Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06032, USA. Electronic address:

Published: September 2021

AI Article Synopsis

  • The text discusses the challenges in genetic diagnostics related to interpreting splice variants, especially those outside the conserved regions of introns.
  • It introduces the SQUIRLS algorithm, which helps assess splice variants by analyzing sequence information, lengths, and regulatory changes, and trains machine learning classifiers for enhanced accuracy.
  • SQUIRLS improves classification of splice variants compared to existing methods and offers outputs suitable for diagnostic workflows, including visualizations that aid in understanding the impact of these variants.

Article Abstract

A critical challenge in genetic diagnostics is the computational assessment of candidate splice variants, specifically the interpretation of nucleotide changes located outside of the highly conserved dinucleotide sequences at the 5' and 3' ends of introns. To address this gap, we developed the Super Quick Information-content Random-forest Learning of Splice variants (SQUIRLS) algorithm. SQUIRLS generates a small set of interpretable features for machine learning by calculating the information-content of wild-type and variant sequences of canonical and cryptic splice sites, assessing changes in candidate splicing regulatory sequences, and incorporating characteristics of the sequence such as exon length, disruptions of the AG exclusion zone, and conservation. We curated a comprehensive collection of disease-associated splice-altering variants at positions outside of the highly conserved AG/GT dinucleotides at the termini of introns. SQUIRLS trains two random-forest classifiers for the donor and for the acceptor and combines their outputs by logistic regression to yield a final score. We show that SQUIRLS transcends previous state-of-the-art accuracy in classifying splice variants as assessed by rank analysis in simulated exomes, and is significantly faster than competing methods. SQUIRLS provides tabular output files for incorporation into diagnostic pipelines for exome and genome analysis, as well as visualizations that contextualize predicted effects of variants on splicing to make it easier to interpret splice variants in diagnostic settings.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8456162PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2021.06.014DOI Listing

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