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Viral Oncogenesis: Synergistic Role of Genome Integration and Persistence.
Viruses
December 2024
Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" (IRCCS), 00149 Rome, Italy.
Persistence is a strategy used by many viruses to evade eradication by the immune system, ensuring their permanence and transmission within the host and optimizing viral fitness. During persistence, viruses can trigger various phenomena, including target organ damage, mainly due to an inflammatory state induced by infection, as well as cell proliferation and/or immortalization. In addition to immune evasion and chronic inflammation, factors contributing to viral persistence include low-level viral replication, the accumulation of viral mutants, and, most importantly, maintenance of the viral genome and reliance on viral oncoprotein production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPersistence of Long COVID Symptoms Two Years After SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Prospective Longitudinal Cohort Study.
Viruses
December 2024
The Sheba Pandemic Preparedness Research Institute (SPRI), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel.
Background/objectives: Millions of individuals worldwide continue to experience symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and phenotype of multi-system symptoms attributed to Long COVID-including fatigue, pain, cognitive-emotional disturbances, headache, cardiopulmonary issues, and alterations in taste and smell-that have persisted for at least two years after acute infection, which we define as "persistent Long COVID". Additionally, the study aimed to identify clinical features and blood biomarkers associated with persistent Long COVID symptoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMARCH8 Restricts RSV Replication by Promoting Cellular Apoptosis Through Ubiquitin-Mediated Proteolysis of Viral SH Protein.
Viruses
December 2024
Department of Virology 3, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama 208-0011, Tokyo, Japan.
Numerous host factors function as intrinsic antiviral effectors to attenuate viral replication. MARCH8 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that has been identified as a host restriction factor that inhibits the replication of various viruses. This study elucidated the mechanism by which MARCH8 restricts respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) replication through selective degradation of the viral small hydrophobic (SH) protein.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Pestivirus RNase E Tames the Interferon Response of the Respiratory Epithelium.
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December 2024
Institute of Virology and Immunology, Länggass-Str. 122, CH-3001 Bern, Switzerland.
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), a pestivirus in the family , is a major livestock pathogen. Horizontal transmission leads to acute transient infections via the oronasal route, whereas vertical transmission might lead to the birth of immunotolerant, persistently infected animals. In both cases, BVDV exerts an immunosuppressive effect, predisposing infected animals to secondary infections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopment of a Large-Volume Concentration Method to Recover Infectious Avian Influenza Virus from the Aquatic Environment.
Viruses
December 2024
U.S. Geological Survey, Upper Midwest Water Science Center, 5840 Enterprise Drive, Lansing, MI 48911, USA.
Since late 2021, outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus have caused a record number of mortalities in wild birds, domestic poultry, and mammals in North America. Wetlands are plausible environmental reservoirs of avian influenza virus; however, the transmission and persistence of the virus in the aquatic environment are poorly understood. To explore environmental contamination with the avian influenza virus, a large-volume concentration method for detecting infectious avian influenza virus in waterbodies was developed.
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