The F-actin, spectrin, and microtubule cytoskeletons are important mediators of embryonic epidermal morphogenesis in . While SMA-1/β-spectrin is known to organize actin bundles that connect to cadherin-based adhesions, the role of microtubules in the developing epidermis is not well understood. To determine if the spectrin cytoskeleton also plays a role in organizing epidermal microtubules, we conducted feeding RNA interference of four microtubule-associated protein genes in β-spectrin null animals. Knockdown of , , , or in homozygotes did not reveal a genetic interaction; however, knockdown of β-catenin in synergistically increased embryonic lethality and epidermal defects.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.17912/micropub.biology.000417 | DOI Listing |
Burns Trauma
January 2025
Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4102Australia.
Background: Rodent models have been widely used to investigate skin development, but do not account for significant differences in composition compared to human skin. On the other hand, two-dimensional and three-dimensional engineered skin models still lack the complex features of human skin such as appendages and pigmentation. Recently, hair follicle containing skin organoids (SKOs) with a stratified epidermis, and dermis layer have been generated as floating spheres from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
Dorsal closure is a process that occurs during embryogenesis of . During dorsal closure, the amnioserosa (AS), a one-cell thick epithelial tissue that fills the dorsal opening, shrinks as the lateral epidermis sheets converge and eventually merge. During this process, both shape index and aspect ratio of amnioserosa cells increase markedly.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCells
December 2024
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea.
The hair follicle is a complex of mesenchymal and epithelial cells acquiring different properties and characteristics responsible for fulfilling its inductive and regenerative role. The epidermal and dermal crosstalk induces morphogenesis and maintains hair follicle cycling properties. The hair follicle is enriched with pluripotent stem cells, where dermal papilla (DP) cells and dermal sheath (DS) cells constitute the dermal compartment and the epithelial stem cells existing in the bulge region exert their regenerative role by mediating the epithelial-mesenchymal interaction (EMI).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Eye loss occurs convergently in numerous animal phyla as an adaptation to dark environments. We investigate the cave planarian Girardia multidiverticulata (Gm), a representative species of the Spiralian clade, to study mechanisms of eye loss. We found that Gm, which was previously described as an eyeless species, retains rudimentary and functional eyes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMethods Mol Biol
January 2025
Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBM), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.
Hox genes specify identities mainly in the anteroposterior axis in various animal tissues, some of them forming part of the internal organs and systems. The expression and activity of these genes have been analyzed mainly in Drosophila melanogaster, the fruit fly, and in mouse; in the former, the functional study of Hox genes has been detailed predominantly in epidermal structures, but their role in internal organs poses some challenges, particularly in pupae. One of these genes, Abdominal-B, dictates the development of many internal organs in the posterior abdomen of the fly, yet techniques for its analysis, like in vivo time-lapse, have long been impractical.
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