Cerebral radiation necrosis (RN) is a known complication of brain radiotherapy (RT). The incidence rate of RN varies with the total dose, dose fractionation, and radiotherapy modality. Concurrent treatment with immunotherapy can increase the risk factors for developing RN through a synergistic mechanism. Here, we describe a patient who developed cerebral RN after receiving conventional RT to an extra-cranial site, while he was receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.15712 | DOI Listing |
J Med Internet Res
January 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Background: Primary intracranial germ cell tumors (iGCTs) are highly malignant brain tumors that predominantly occur in children and adolescents, with an incidence rate ranking third among primary brain tumors in East Asia (8%-15%). Due to their insidious onset and impact on critical functional areas of the brain, these tumors often result in irreversible abnormalities in growth and development, as well as cognitive and motor impairments in affected children. Therefore, early diagnosis through advanced screening techniques is vital for improving patient outcomes and quality of life.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Cereb Blood Flow Metab
January 2025
Department of Applied Physics and Electronics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Variations in cerebral blood flow and blood volume interact with intracranial pressure and cerebrospinal fluid dynamics, all of which play a crucial role in brain homeostasis. A key physiological modulator is respiration, but its impact on cerebral blood flow and volume has not been thoroughly investigated. Here we used 4D flow MRI in a population-based sample of 65 participants (mean age = 75 ± 1) to quantify these effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurosurg Rev
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Kim Burchiel Gamma Knife Center, Denizli, Türkiye, Turkey.
This study aims to demonstrate the effect of gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) on symptoms, hemorrhage rates, and histopathological changes in patients with cavernous malformations (CMs), regardless of whether the symptomatic lesions are hemorrhagic. This single-center retrospective study evaluated symptomatic patients with single CMs treated with GKRS between 2016 and 2023. The patients' demographic data, presenting symptoms, GKRS radiation dose, complications developed during follow-up (hemorrhage, radiotoxicity), the rate of symptom improvement, and histopathological changes of surgically removed CMs were recorded.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Med Biol
January 2025
Imaging Laboratory (iLab), Varian Medical Systems, Siemens Healthcare, Baden, Switzerland.
. To develop an augmentation method that simulates cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) related motion artifacts, which can be used to generate training-data to increase the performance of artificial intelligence models dedicated to auto-contouring tasks.The augmentation technique generates data that simulates artifacts typically present in CBCT imaging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Funct Mater
January 2025
Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is an emerging modality that can address longstanding technological challenges encountered with magnetic particle hyperthermia (MPH) cancer therapy. MPI is a tracer technology compatible with MPH for which magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) provide signal for MPI and heat for MPH. Identifying whether a specific MNP formulation is suitable for both modalities is essential for clinical implementation.
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