AI Article Synopsis
- The study focuses on assessing kinship between individuals using DNA profiles in various contexts, like crime investigations and archaeological research.
- It advances existing methods by modeling complex relationships, including inbreeding, and utilizes both X-chromosomal and autosomal markers for more accurate results.
- The research addresses the challenges of multiple testing errors by applying optimal thresholds and Bayesian techniques, demonstrating effectiveness through simulations and real data, with implementation options available for free.
Article Abstract
Testing kinship between pairs of individuals is central to a wide range of applications. We focus on cases where many tests are done jointly. Typical examples include cases where DNA profiles are available from a burial site, a plane crash or a database of convicted offenders. The task is to determine the relationships between DNA profiles or individuals. Our approach generalises previous methods and implementations in several respects. We model general, possibly inbred, pairwise relationships which is important for non-human applications and in archaeological studies of ancient inbred populations. Furthermore, we do not restrict attention to autosomal markers. Some cases, such as distinguishing between maternal and paternal half siblings, can be solved using X-chromosomal markers. When many tests are done, the risk of errors increases. We address this problem by building on the theory of multiple testing and show how optimal thresholds for tests can be determined. We point out that the likelihood ratios in a blind search may be dependent so multiple testing methods and interpretation need to account for this. In addition, we show how a Bayesian approach can be helpful. Our examples, using simulated and real data, demonstrate the practical importance of the methods and implementation is based on freely available software.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsigen.2021.102562 | DOI Listing |
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