AI Article Synopsis
- Adjuvants play a crucial role in vaccine effectiveness by interacting with immune receptors like Toll-like receptors (TLRs), and the response to these receptors varies across different socioeconomic groups.
- A study was conducted with school-aged children in Makassar, Indonesia, comparing the innate immune responses to TLR ligands between those from high and low socioeconomic status (SES) backgrounds.
- The findings revealed that low SES children exhibited a stronger pro-inflammatory response initially, while high SES children showed a shift from an anti-inflammatory response to a more robust pro-inflammatory response over time, highlighting the need to consider socioeconomic factors in vaccine development.
Article Abstract
Background: Adjuvants are essential in the induction of immunity by vaccines and interact with receptors, including the Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Responsiveness of these receptors differs between and within populations, which impacts vaccine effectiveness.
Objective: Here we examine how the innate cytokine response towards TLR ligands differs between high and low socioeconomic status (SES) school-aged children from Makassar, Indonesia.
Methods: We stimulated whole blood from children, of which 27 attended a high SES school and 27 children a low SES school, with ligands for TLR-2/1, -2/6, -3, -4, -5, -7, -9 and measured pro- (TNF) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines released.
Results: In the low SES there is an increased pro-inflammatory response after 24 h stimulation with TLR-2/1 ligand Pam3 and TLR-4 ligand LPS compared to the high SES. Comparison of the response to LPS after 24 h versus 72 h stimulation revealed that the pro-inflammatory response in the low SES after 24 h shifts to an anti-inflammatory response, whereas in the high SES the initial anti-inflammatory response shifts to a strong pro-inflammatory response after 72 h stimulation.
Conclusion: We observed differences in the TLR-mediated innate immune response between children attending low and high SES schools, which can have important implications for vaccine development.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106043 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!