Background: Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) has been used to improve image quality of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). This study aimed to assess image quality of laryngeal SCC using linear blending image (LBI), nonlinear blending image (NBI), and noise-optimized virtual monoenergetic image (VMI+) algorithms.
Methods: Thirty-four patients with laryngeal SCC were retrospectively enrolled between June 2019 and December 2020. DECT images were reconstructed using LBI (80 kV and M_0.6), NBI, and VMI+ (40 and 55 keV) algorithms. Contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), tumor delineation, and overall image quality were assessed and compared.
Results: VMI+ (40 keV) had the highest CNR and provided better tumor delineation than VMI+ (55 keV), LBI, and NBI, while NBI provided better overall image quality than VMI+ and LBI (all corrected p < 0.05).
Conclusions: VMI+ (40 keV) and NBI improve image quality of laryngeal SCC and may be preferable in DECT examination.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hed.26812 | DOI Listing |
STAR Protoc
January 2025
Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Neurology Service, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA. Electronic address:
Here, we present a protocol for using Myotally, a user-friendly software for fast, automated quantification of muscle fiber size, number, and central nucleation from immunofluorescent stains of mouse skeletal muscle cross-sections. We describe steps for installing the software, preparing compatible images, finding the file path, and selecting key parameters like image quality and size limits. We also detail optional features, such as measuring mean fluorescence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCommun Biol
January 2025
Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
Biomedical research increasingly relies on three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models and artificial-intelligence-based analysis can potentially facilitate a detailed and accurate feature extraction on a single-cell level. However, this requires for a precise segmentation of 3D cell datasets, which in turn demands high-quality ground truth for training. Manual annotation, the gold standard for ground truth data, is too time-consuming and thus not feasible for the generation of large 3D training datasets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 5, Fuxing St., Guishan Dist, Linkou, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan.
Objective: To investigate the predictive ability of the MRI-based vertebral bone quality (VBQ) score for pedicle screw loosening following instrumented transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF).
Methods: Data from patients who have received one or two-level instrumented TLIF from February 2014 to March 2015 were retrospectively collected. Pedicle screw loosening was diagnosed when the radiolucent zone around the screw exceeded 1 mm in plain radiographs.
Lancet
January 2025
Rheumazentrum Ruhrgebiet Herne, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany.
Axial spondyloarthritis manifests as a chronic inflammatory disease primarily affecting the sacroiliac joints and spine. Although chronic back pain and spinal stiffness are typical initial symptoms, peripheral (ie, enthesitis, arthritis, and dactylitis) and extra-musculoskeletal (ie, uveitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and psoriasis) manifestations are also common. Timely and accurate diagnosis is challenging and relies on identifying a clinical pattern with a combination of clinical, laboratory (HLA-B27 positivity), and imaging findings (eg, structural damage on pelvic radiographs and bone marrow oedema on MRI of the sacroiliac joints).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Adv Res
January 2025
Department of Mechanics and Strength of Materials, Politehnica University Timisoara, 1 Mihai Viteazu Avenue, 300 222 Timisoara, Romania. Electronic address:
Background: Today, in a wide variety of industries, grinding operations are an extremely important finishing process for obtaining precise dimensions and meeting strict requirements for roughness and shape accuracy. However, the constant wear of abrasive tools during grinding negatively affects the dimensional and surface conditions of the workpiece. Therefore, effective monitoring of the wear process during grinding operations helps to predict tool life, plan maintenance and ensure consistent product quality.
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