Altered hippocampal functional connectivity patterns in patients with cognitive impairments following ischaemic stroke: A resting-state fMRI study.

Background: Ischemic stroke with cognitive impairment is a considerable risk factor for developing dementia. Identifying imaging markers of cognitive impairment following ischemic stroke will help to develop prevention strategies against post-stroke dementia.

Methods: We investigated the hippocampal functional connectivity (FC) pattern following ischemic stroke, using resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI). Thirty-three cognitively impaired patients after ischemic stroke and sixteen age-matched controls with no known history of neurological disorder were recruited for the study. No patient had a direct ischaemic insult to hippocampus on the examination of brain imaging. Seven subfields of hippocampus were used as seeds region for FC analyses.

Results: Across all hippocampal subfields, FC with the inferior parietal lobule was reduced in stroke patients as compared with healthy controls. This decreased FC included both supramarginal gyrus and angular gyrus. The FC of hippocampal subfields with cerebellum was increased. Importantly, the degree of the altered FC between hippocampal subfields and inferior parietal lobule was associated with their impaired memory function.

Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that decreased hippocampal-inferior parietal lobule connectivity was associated with cognitive impairment in patients with ischemic stroke. These findings provide novel insights into the role of hippocampus in cognitive impairment following ischemic stroke.