Bilateral testicular adrenal rest tumors in a patient with nonclassical congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Introduction: Solid testis tumors in post-pubertal males usually represent germ cell malignancies; however, other uncommon or rare histologies must be considered.

Case Presentation: We present a case of an 18-year-old male undergoing attempted bilateral partial orchiectomies for suspected germ cell tumors. Tumor pathology, laboratory results, radiographic studies, and post-surgical elevated adrenocorticotropic hormone levels supported the diagnosis of testicular adrenal rest tumors secondary to previously undiagnosed nonclassical congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Conclusion: Testicular adrenal rest tumors are rare in patients with nonclassical congenital adrenal hyperplasia and may be accompanied by adrenal insufficiency and hypogonadism, which can be treated with glucocorticoid therapy and testosterone replacement. Differential diagnosis of tumors is challenging but necessary for proper symptom-based management.