Comparison of a Teaching and Nonteaching Service at a Children's Hospital in the Community.

Objective: The impact of trainees on inpatient patient care is incompletely understood. This study sought to discern the impact of trainees on patient outcomes and costs at a children's hospital in the community. We hypothesized that there would be no differences in patient outcomes and costs on an inpatient teaching service compared to a nonteaching service. As a secondary goal, we analyzed trainee evaluations.

Methods: The authors conducted a cohort study of patients hospitalized from October 1, 2016 to September 30, 2017 on an acute care unit in a children's hospital in the community. Using t test or Fisher exact test, the authors compared patient outcomes between teaching and nonteaching services including, length of stay, discharge times, readmission rates, rapid response team (RRT) calls, pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) transfers, hospital transfers, and costs.

Results: During the study period, there were 1066 patients admitted and discharged from the teaching service and 1038 from the nonteaching service. There were no statistically significant differences in patient demographics or patient complexity. Similarly, there were no differences in length of stay, discharge times, readmission rates, RRT calls, PICU transfers, hospital transfers or patient costs between services. Trainee evaluations of the inpatient experience were overwhelmingly positive.

Conclusions: In a children's hospital in the community, there were no significant differences in patient outcomes and costs on a teaching service compared to a nonteaching service. Furthermore, trainee evaluations suggested a favorable learning experience, illustrating the feasibility of incorporating trainees into inpatient care in a nontraditional learner setting.