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Effect of CPAP on pericardial pressure and respiratory system mechanics in pigs.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med
July 1995
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New Hyde Park, New York 11042, USA.
It has been postulated that increased cardiac surface pressure with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) results in decreased left-ventricular (LV) transmural pressure. We tested this hypothesis in seven sedated, unanesthetized, and previously instrumented pigs. We measured pericardial (Pperi), LV, airway (P(aw)), and esophageal (Pes) pressures at CPAP values of 0, 4, 8, and 12 cm H2O before and after blood-volume expansion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparison of dynamic and static measurements of respiratory mechanics in infants.
J Pediatr
January 1989
Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL 33101.
The objective of this study was to compare the conventional method of measuring respiratory mechanics, which requires the passage of an esophageal tube, with the occlusion technique, which is less invasive. Thirty-nine preterm infants who received mechanical ventilation on the first day were studied before discharge (mean +/- SD: postnatal age 67 +/- 23 days; weight 1790 +/- 300 gm), and 27 of them again at 1 year (weight 8.1 +/- 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA study was made of the indices of pneumotachometry (PT): PT of exhalation, PT of inhalation and their ratio--in 263 adolescents (125 boys and 138 girls) with normal physical and sexual development. Direct correlation of sex, age and height with PT indices was established. Linear regression equations were made up for the calculation of standard parameters.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe authors devised a method for calculating the correlations of alpha-tocopherol and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity to lipid peroxidation (LPO), presented in the form of the following coefficients: K1 = alpha-tocopherol/LPO, K2 = = SOD/LPO X 100. In patients with a bronchial asthma attack, there was an appreciable decrease in the K1 and K2 with a tendency toward recovery in the inactive disease phase. The coefficients ascended to relatively high values if the patients responded well to the treatment.
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