Department of Radiology, Abdominal Imaging Division, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, UPMC Presbyterian Suite 200, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. Electronic address:
Published: August 2021
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common liver malignancy associated with chronic liver disease. Nonhepatocellular malignancies may also arise in the setting of chronic liver disease. The imaging diagnosis of non-HCC malignancies may be challenging. Non-HCC malignancies in patients with chronic liver disease most commonly include intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma, and less commonly hepatic lymphomas and metastases. On MR imaging, non-HCC malignancies often demonstrate a targetoid appearance, manifesting as rim arterial phase hyperenhancement, peripheral washout, central delayed enhancement, and peripheral restricted diffusion. When applying the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System algorithm, observations with targetoid appearance are categorized as LR-M.
Background: The increasing prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), parallels the rise in sedentary lifestyles. MASLD is the most common form of steatotic liver disease (SLD), which represents the umbrella beneath which the vast majority of chronic liver diseases fall, including alcohol-related liver disease and their overlap. These conditions are the leading contributors to chronic liver disease, significantly impacting global morbidity and mortality.
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder primarily affecting exocrine glands, leading to symptoms such as dry mouth and dry eyes. While SS can occur as a primary condition, it may overlap with other autoimmune diseases, complicating management. Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), a liver disorder characterized by elevated serum globulins and liver-specific autoantibodies, can co-occur with SS, although this overlap is rare.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease caused by insulin resistance (IR) and insufficient insulin secretion. Its characteristic pathophysiological processes involve the interaction of multiple mechanisms. In recent years, globally, the prevalence of T2DM has shown a sharp rise due to profound changes in socio-economic structure, the persistent influence of environmental factors, and the complex role of genetic background.
Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Johor 81310 UTM, Malaysia.
Malaria is endemic in poverty-stricken regions of the world, and most diagnosis reveal comorbidity with other infectious diseases some of which manifest as a deformity of the structural arrangement of the Red Blood Cells (RBCs) during thin blood smear microscopy. This common occurring deformity is termed rouleaux formation, and it is the stacking together of RBCs like chains of coins. The presence of rouleaux formation indicates either a bacterial infection, connective tissue disease, chronic liver disease, multiple myeloma or diabetes among others, it is a highly common occurrence in malaria infected patients and according to the international council for standardization of hematology (ICSH), microscopists are mandated to report its presence.
Background: Cardiovascular health (CVH) assessment may have important benefits for adults with chronic diseases to prevent incident cardiovascular disease and additional chronic conditions. Few studies have compared CVH in adults with chronic diseases and healthy adults without chronic disease using the American Heart Association's (AHA's) Life's Essential 8 (LE8) metrics.
Methods And Results: We used National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from 2013 to 2018 to identify the presence of 16 chronic diseases by participant self-report of diagnosis.
