Relationship Between Serum Neopterin Level and Peripheral Arterial Plaque in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective: Neopterin is an inflammatory factor synthesized by monocyte macrophages in response to γ-interferon. It plays an important role in regulating a variety of physiological and pathological processes, including obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. This study aims to clarify the relationship between peripheral arterial plaque and serum neopterin in type 2 diabetes.

Methods: We consecutively selected 121 inpatients with type 2 diabetes. After collecting relevant clinical indicators, we collected serum from all patients and measured neopterin levels through enzyme linked immune sorbent assay. Peripheral arterial plaques (the carotid and femoral arteries) were detected by B-mode ultrasound. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the independent influencing factors. The correlation between neopterin levels and other variables was analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis. P <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.

Results: There was no difference in serum neopterin levels between arterial plaques group and no plaques group. Serum neopterin levels in patients with carotid plaque were elevated compared to patients without carotid plaque. Logistic regression analysis showed that a higher serum neopterin level was an independent risk factor for the presence of carotid plaques. Serum neopterin levels were positively correlated with BMI, HOMA-IR, and serum creatinine and negatively correlated with eGFR.

Conclusion: Serum neopterin levels were positively and independently associated with carotid plaque in patients with type 2 diabetes.