AI Article Synopsis
- Cryptorchidism, a common condition like type 2 diabetes, increases the risks of infertility and testicular cancer in affected boys.
- Pregnant women infected with Zika or influenza may give birth to infants with undescended testes and other related anomalies due to strong anti-inflammatory immune responses and elevated estradiol levels.
- The hypothesis presented suggests that the combination of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, cryptorchidism, and delayed epididymal development could result from increased fetal estradiol levels linked to viral infections during pregnancy.
Article Abstract
Cryptorchidism is as common as type 2 diabetes or celiac disease. Boys with congenital cryptorchidism are at increased risk of infertility and testicular cancer. Zika syndrome, which affects pregnant women, is associated with a high incidence of undescended testes in the infant, accompanied by epididymal anomalies. Zika and influenza virus infections during pregnancy trigger a strong anti-inflammatory immune response and elevated estradiol levels. Elevated estradiol and α-fetoprotein in syncytiotrophoblasts from women who have given birth to cryptorchid boys are indicative of increased estradiol levels in the fetus. Here, I present a hypothesis that hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, cryptorchidism, and retarded epididymal development may be due to elevated fetal estradiol levels caused by viral infection during pregnancy.
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|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8265119 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12610-021-00135-7 | DOI Listing |
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