Baricitinib and tofacitinib in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results of regular clinical practice.

Objective: Main objective: Describe the effectiveness and safety of baricitinib and tofacitinib in patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis in our hospital.

Secondary Objective: Analyse whether there are  differences between the two drugs in routine clinical practice.

Method: Two-year retrospective study of patients diagnosed with  rheumatoid arthritis treated in our hospital with baricitinib and tofacitinib  for at least 6 months. Databases: Electronic medical record and outpatient medication dispensing software. Variables collected:  Demographic variables, poor prognosis factors, previous treatment,  duration of treatment, concomitant treatment, DAS28, number of swollen  and painful joints, pain visual analogy scale, treatment discontinuation,  and adverse reactions. Effectiveness evaluation: Decreases in the DAS28  scale, the number of swollen and painful joints, and the pain Visual  Analogy Scale at 6 months and 12 months after starting treatment. Safety evaluation: Detection of adverse reactions.

Statistical Analysis: Student t- test.

Results: A total of 44 patients were evaluated. Of these, 20 (70%  women) received treatment with baricitinib and 24 (95.8% women)  received tofacitinib. Baricitinib reduced the DAS28 by 2.3 and 1.7 at 6  months and 12 months, respectively, and tofacitinib reduced the scale by 2 and 1.9 at 6 months and 12 months, respectively. Baricitinib reduced the  number of swollen and painful joints by 7 at both 6 months and 12  months, and tofacitinib reduced the number of swollen and painful joints  by 4 and 6 at 6 months and 12 months, respectively. Baricitinib reduced  the Visual Analogy Scale score by 7.8 and 6.8 at 6 months and 12 months, respectively, and tofacitinib reduced the score by 5 and 6 at 6 months and 12 months, respectively. Corticosteroid treatment was needed in 40% of patients treated with baricitinib and 62.5% of patients treated with  rofacitinib. Treatment was discontinued due to loss of effectiveness in 10% of patients receiving baricitinib and 25% of patients treated with  tofacitinib. Adverse reactions were experienced by 10% of patients treated with baricitinib and 12.5% of patients treated with tofacitinib. Adverse  reactions led to treatment discontinuation in only 1 patient in each group.  No statistically significant differences were observed between the two  drugs.

Conclusions: The results show that baricitinib and tofacitinib were  effective and safe in relation to all the variables analysed. Moreover, both drugs were similar in terms of effectiveness and safety for the  treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in real-world clinical practice.