The genus Helicobacter includes spiral-shaped bacteria in the phylum Proteobacteria, class Epsilonproteobacteria, order Campylobacteriales, that have been associated with disease in animals, including reptiles. Three wild gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus) index cases presented between 2012 and 2019 with nasal discharge, lethargy, and weight loss. Cytological examination of nasal discharge from all 3 tortoises identified marked heterophilic and mild histiocytic rhinitis with abundant extracellular and phagocytized spiral shaped bacteria that stained positive with Warthin-Starry stain. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene revealed this to be a novel Helicobacter species. Two tortoises died despite treatment attempts, and the third was moribund and was euthanized. Histological examination of the nasal mucosa (n = 3) showed granulocytic to lymphocytic rhinitis with variable mucosal hyperplasia, erosion, and ulceration; Warthin-Starry staining highlighted the presence of spiral bacteria in the untreated tortoise. Genus-specific primers were designed, and the gyrA and groEL genes were amplified by PCR and sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis shows that this organism and other previously characterized Helicobacter from tortoises form a clade. Development and cross-validation of two qPCR diagnostic assays for the gyrA and groEL genes showed significant correlation of the results of two assays (P < 0.0001). These assays were used to survey nasal wash samples from 31 rehabilitating gopher tortoises. Mortality of tortoises significantly correlated with higher Helicobacter loads detected by qPCR (P = 0.028). Appropriate quarantine protocols for tortoises during rehabilitation should consider this organism. Upper respiratory disease in tortoises may involve complex microbial ecology; factors beyond Mycoplasmopsis (Mycoplasma) agassizii should be taken into account.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109136 | DOI Listing |
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York, USA.
Objectives: Fecal calprotectin (FC) is a marker commonly used in the diagnosis and follow-up of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). However, other gastrointestinal conditions, like H. pylori (HP) infection, can result in increased neutrophil activity as well.
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January 2025
Department of Pharmacology, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519041, PR China.
(), one of the most common infectious pathogens in the world, can cause gastritis, digestive ulcers, and even gastric cancer. urease (HPU) is a distinctive virulence factor of that allows it to be distinguished from other pathogens. Dried ginger is a famous edible and medicinal herb that is commonly used to prevent and treat gastrointestinal tract-related diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF() infection can cause a wide range of gastrointestinal disorders, including chronic nonatrophic gastritis, multifocal atrophic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, gastric adenocarcinoma, and extra-nodal B-cell lymphoma. Although the prevalence of infection has decreased among adults, it is still very common. Approximately 90% of gastric adenocarcinomas are associated with infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMediterr J Hematol Infect Dis
January 2025
Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
Background: Previous observational studies have suggested a potential causal relationship between Helicobacter pylori () infection and immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). However, the evidence for causal inference remains contentious, and the underlying mechanisms require further investigation. To delve deeper into the relationship between and ITP, we conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pak Med Assoc
January 2025
4th Year MBBS Student, Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
A spiral gram-negative bacteria, known as helicobacter pylori, is frequently discovered in the stomach and is linked to a number of clinical disorders. Understanding its prevalence and trends is crucial for both improved clinical outcomes as well as greater epidemiological insight into the region. The current retrospective study was planned to analyse the prevalence and frequency trends of helicobacter pylori in gastric mucosal samples from a Karachi-based tertiary care centre.
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