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Ancient DNA elucidates the migration and evolutionary history of northern and southern populations in East Asia.
Yi Chuan
January 2025
Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China.
Over the past decade, the continuous development of ancient genomic technology and research has significantly advanced our understanding of human history. Since 2017, large-scale studies of ancient human genomes in East Asia, particularly in China, have emerged, resulting in a wealth of ancient genomic data from various time periods and locations, which has provided new insights into the genetic history of East Asian populations over tens of thousands of years. Especially since 2022, there emerged a series of new research progresses in the genetic histories of the northern and southern Chinese populations within the past 10,000 years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecent advancements in the therapeutic approaches for Alzheimer's disease treatment: current and future perspective.
RSC Med Chem
December 2024
Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences Pilani Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar Pilani 333031 RJ India +91 1596 244183 +91 1596 255 506.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex, incurable neurological condition characterized by cognitive decline, cholinergic neuron reduction, and neuronal loss. Its exact pathology remains uncertain, but multiple treatment hypotheses have emerged. The current treatments, single or combined, alleviate only symptoms and struggle to manage AD due to its multifaceted pathology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDirect Measurement of the Mutation Rate and Its Evolutionary Consequences in a Critically Endangered Mollusk.
Mol Biol Evol
January 2025
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA.
The rate at which mutations arise is a fundamental parameter of biology. Despite progress in measuring germline mutation rates across diverse taxa, such estimates are missing for much of Earth's biodiversity. Here, we present the first estimate of a germline mutation rate from the phylum Mollusca.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhylogenomic resolution of lampreys reveals the recent evolution of an ancient vertebrate lineage.
Proc Biol Sci
January 2025
Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St Louis, MO 63103, USA.
Jawless vertebrates once dominated Palaeozoic waters, but just two lineages have persisted to the present day: lampreys and hagfishes. Living lampreys are a relatively small clade, with just over 50 species described, but knowledge of their evolutionary relationships has always been based on either a few mitochondrial genes or a small number of taxa. Biogeographers have noted the disjunct antitropical distribution of living lamprey families.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResolving the source of branch length variation in the Y chromosome phylogeny.
Genome Biol
January 2025
Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.
Background: Genetic variation in the non-recombining part of the human Y chromosome has provided important insight into the paternal history of human populations. However, a significant and yet unexplained branch length variation of Y chromosome lineages has been observed, notably amongst those that are highly diverged from the human reference Y chromosome. Understanding the origin of this variation, which has previously been attributed to changes in generation time, mutation rate, or efficacy of selection, is important for accurately reconstructing human evolutionary and demographic history.
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