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Introduction An acute gastrointestinal illness outbreak was reported in a higher educational institution among students and faculties in East Sikkim, India, from January to February 2023. The investigation was conducted to identify the source of the infection and causative pathogens and prevent the spread of the outbreak. Methods We defined a case as three or more loose stools in 24 hours, abdominal pain, or vomiting with the onset of symptoms between January 16 and February 16, 2023.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRapid Consumption of Dihydrogen Injected into a Shallow Aquifer by Ecophysiologically Different Microbes.
Environ Sci Technol
January 2024
Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research─UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- The introduction of hydrogen gas into a shallow aquifer showed significant changes in biogeochemical processes, including increased acetate concentrations and shifts in microbial diversity.
- The study highlighted that hydrogen, when leaked, quickly impacts the groundwater microbiome, leading to temporary alterations in microbial populations that thrive on hydrogen.
- Once hydrogen levels returned to normal, the microbial diversity and conditions in the aquifer reverted to baseline, suggesting that hydrogen is efficiently consumed by microbes in the environment.
Grass veins are leaky pipes: vessel widening in grass leaves explain variation in stomatal conductance and vessel diameter among species.
New Phytol
January 2024
Water Management and Systems Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Fort Collins, CO, 80526, USA.
The widening of xylem vessels from tip to base of trees is an adaptation to minimize the hydraulic resistance of a long pathway. Given that parallel veins of monocot leaves do not branch hierarchically, vessels should also widen basipetally but, in addition to minimizing resistance, should also account for water volume lost to transpiration since they supply water to the lamina along their lengths, that is 'leakiness'. We measured photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and vessel diameter at five locations along each leaf of five perennial grass species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFlood Detection in Steel Tubes Using Guided Wave Energy Leakage.
Sensors (Basel)
January 2023
Instituto Nacional de Electricidad y Energías limpias, Gerencia de Control, Electrónica y Comunicaciones, Calle Reforma 113, Col. Palmira, Cuernavaca 62490, Mexico.
A study that evaluated the use of ultrasonic-guided waves to detect water in hollow pipes is presented. In this work, a guided wave system employed a 40 kHz piezoelectric (PZT) transmitter and a PZT ultrasound transducer. The transmitter was based on a battery-operated microcontroller, and the receiver was composed of a digital signal processor (DSP) module connected to a PC via a USB for monitoring purposes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpiking neural networks (SNNs) are known as typical kinds of brain-inspired models with their unique features of rich neuronal dynamics, diverse coding schemes, and low power consumption properties. How to obtain a high-accuracy model has always been the main challenge in the field of SNN. Currently, there are two mainstream methods, i.
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